Home / Journals / CMC / Vol.35, No.2, 2013
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  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Prediction of Delamination Onset and Critical Force in Carbon/Epoxy Panels Impacted by Ice Spheres

    Jennifer D. Rhymer1, Hyonny Kim1
    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.35, No.2, pp. 87-117, 2013, DOI:10.3970/cmc.2013.035.087
    Abstract Polymer matrix composite structures are exposed to a variety of impact threats including hail ice. Internal delamination damage created by these impacts can exist in a form that is visually undetectable. This paper establishes an analysis methodology for predicting the onset of delamination damage in toughened carbon/epoxy composite laminates when impacted by high velocity ice spheres (hailstones). Experiments and analytical work focused on ice sphere impact onto composite panels have determined the failure threshold energy as a function of varying ice diameter and panel thickness, and have established the ability to predict the onset of delamination using cohesive elements in… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    On Multiscale Modeling Using the Generalized Method of Cells: Preserving Energy Dissipation across Disparate Length Scales

    E. J. Pineda1, B. A. Bednarcyk1, A. M. Waas2, S. M. Arnold1
    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.35, No.2, pp. 119-154, 2013, DOI:10.3970/cmc.2013.035.119
    Abstract A mesh objective crack band model was implemented within the generalized method of cells micromechanics theory. This model was linked to a macroscale finite element model to predict post-peak strain softening in composite materials. Although a mesh objective theory was implemented at the microscale, it does not preclude pathological mesh dependence at the macroscale. To ensure mesh objectivity at both scales, the energy density and the energy release rate must be preserved identically across the two scales. This requires a consistent characteristic length or localization limiter. The effects of scaling (or not scaling) the dimensions of the microscale repeating unit… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Investigation of Progressive Damage and Fracture in Laminated Composites Using the Smeared Crack Approach

    Christian Heinrich1, Anthony M. Waas2
    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.35, No.2, pp. 155-181, 2013, DOI:10.3970/cmc.2013.035.155
    Abstract The smeared crack approach (SCA) is revisited to describe post-peak softening in laminated composite materials. First, predictions of the SCA are compared against linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) based predictions for the debonding of an adhesively bonded double cantilever beam. A sensitivity analysis is performed to establish the influence of element size and cohesive strength on the load-deflection response. The SCA is further validated by studying the in-plane fracture of a laminated composite in a single edge bend test configuration. In doing so, issues related to mesh size and their effects (or non-effects) are discussed and compared against other predictive… More >

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