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  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Limit Load of Soil-Root Composites

    Yang Pu1, Xiang Zhihai1, Hu Xiasong2, Li Guorong2, Zhu Haili2, Mao XiaoqinCen2, Zhangzhi1,3
    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.10, No.2, pp. 117-138, 2009, DOI:10.3970/cmc.2009.010.117
    Abstract This paper studies the influence of root reinforcement on shallow soil protection by using Finite Element (FE) method. Taking the root-soil composite as a periodic material, the homogenization method is used to construct a Representative Volume Element (RVE) that consists of roots and soil. This RVE is discretized by a two-dimensional (2-D) FE mesh, while special formulation is established so that this model is capable of describing three-dimensional (3-D) deformations when the strain is invariant along the fiber axis. The important effect of debonding on the interface between the fiber and the matrix is also considered by using a special… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Influence of Temperature and High Electric Field on Power Consumption by Piezoelectric Actuated Integrated Structure

    Deepak A Apte1, Ranjan Ganguli1,2
    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.10, No.2, pp. 139-162, 2009, DOI:10.3970/cmc.2009.010.139
    Abstract The influence of electric field and temperature on power consumption of piezoelectric actuated integrated structure is studied by using a single degree of freedom mass-spring-damper system model coupled with a piezoactuator. The material lead zirconate titanate, is considered as it is capable of producing relatively high strains (e.g., 3000με). Actuators are often subject to high electric fields to increase the induced strain produced, resulting in field dependant piezoelectric coefficient d31, dielectric coefficient ε33 and dissipation factor δ. Piezostructures are also likely to be used across a wide range of temperatures in aerospace and undersea operations. Again, the piezoelectric properties can… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Collapse Analysis, Defect Sensitivity and Load Paths in Stiffened Shell Composite Structures

    D.W. Kelly1, M.C.W. Lee1, A.C. Orifici2,3, R.S.Thomson3, R. Degenhardt4,5
    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.10, No.2, pp. 163-194, 2009, DOI:10.3970/cmc.2009.010.163
    Abstract An experimental program for collapse of curved stiffened composite shell structures encountered a wide range of initial and deep buckling mode shapes. This paper presents work to determine the significance of the buckling deformations for determining the final collapse loads and to understand the source of the variation. A finite element analysis is applied to predict growth of damage that causes the disbonding of stiffeners and defines a load displacement curve to final collapse. The variability in material properties and geometry is then investigated to identify a range of buckling modes and development of deep postbuckling deformation encountered in the… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Efficient Simulation of Gas Flow in Blast Furnace

    P. B. Abhale1, N. N. Viswanathan1, N. B. Ballal1
    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.10, No.2, pp. 195-216, 2009, DOI:10.3970/cmc.2009.010.195
    Abstract Simulation of gas flow in a multilayered non-isothermal packed bed is useful for blast furnace operators in deciding appropriate charging strategy. While using an anisotropic form of Ergun equation to simulate gas flow through such systems, a new solution methodology for non-isothermal gas with varying density flowing through a layered burden has been proposed. This involves handling non-linearity due to gas density variation with pressure and temperature by solving for the square of pressure instead of pressure directly and handling the non-linearity due to |v| term in the Ergun equation by solving linearized form of Ergun equation and updating |v|… More >

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