Open Access

ARTICLE

Single Qubit Quantum Logistic-Sine XYZ-Rotation Maps: An Ultra-Wide Range Dynamics for Image Encryption

De Rosal Ignatius Moses Setiadi^1,*, T. Sutojo¹, Supriadi Rustad¹, Muhamad Akrom¹, Sudipta Kr Ghosal², Minh T. Nguyen³, Arnold Adimabua Ojugo⁴

1 Research Center for Quantum Computing and Materials Informatics, Faculty of Computer Science, Dian Nuswantoro University, Semarang, 50131, Indonesia
2 Department of Cyber Forensics and Information Security, Behala Government Polytechnic, 756, Upendra Nath Banerjee Road, Parnasree, Behala, Kolkata, 700060, India
3 Thai Nguyen University of Technology, Thai Nguyen University, Thai Nguyen, 240000, Vietnam
4 Department of Computer Science, Federal University of Petroleum Resources, Effurun, 330102, Nigeria

* Corresponding Author: De Rosal Ignatius Moses Setiadi. Email:

Computers, Materials & Continua 2025, 83(2), 2161-2188. https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2025.063729

Received 22 January 2025; Accepted 10 March 2025; Issue published 16 April 2025

Abstract

Data security has become a growing priority due to the increasing frequency of cyber-attacks, necessitating the development of more advanced encryption algorithms. This paper introduces Single Qubit Quantum Logistic-Sine XYZ-Rotation Maps (SQQLSR), a quantum-based chaos map designed to generate one-dimensional chaotic sequences with an ultra-wide parameter range. The proposed model leverages quantum superposition using Hadamard gates and quantum rotations along the X, Y, and Z axes to enhance randomness. Extensive numerical experiments validate the effectiveness of SQQLSR. The proposed method achieves a maximum Lyapunov exponent (LE) of ≈55.265, surpassing traditional chaotic maps in unpredictability. The bifurcation analysis confirms a uniform chaotic distribution, eliminating periodic windows and ensuring higher randomness. The system also generates an expanded key space exceeding 10⁴⁰, enhancing security against brute-force attacks. Additionally, SQQLSR is applied to image encryption using a simple three-layer encryption scheme combining permutation and substitution techniques. This approach is intentionally designed to highlight the impact of SQQLSR-generated chaotic sequences rather than relying on a complex encryption algorithm. The encryption method achieves an average entropy of 7.9994, NPCR above 99.6%, and UACI within 32.8%–33.8%, confirming its strong randomness and sensitivity to minor modifications. The robustness tests against noise, cropping, and JPEG compression demonstrate its resistance to statistical and differential attacks. Additionally, the decryption process ensures perfect image reconstruction with an infinite PSNR value, proving the algorithm’s reliability. These results highlight SQQLSR’s potential as a lightweight yet highly secure encryption mechanism suitable for quantum cryptography and secure communications.

---

Keywords

---