Open Access

ARTICLE

Incidence of Congenital Anomalies and Related Factors in Newborns: A Prospective Study

Poria Moradi¹, Zahra Naghibifar^2,3, Armin Naghipour^1,*

1 Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Khomeini and Mohammad Kermanshahi and Farabi Hospitals, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6715847141, Iran
2 National Health Insurance Research Center, Tehran, 1948744851, Iran
3 Infectious Diseases Research Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6715847141, Iran

* Corresponding Author: Armin Naghipour. Email:

(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Prenatal Diagnosis of Congenital Heart Disease)

Congenital Heart Disease 2025, 20(1), 77-87. https://doi.org/10.32604/chd.2025.061784

Received 03 December 2024; Accepted 21 February 2025; Issue published 18 March 2025

Abstract

Introduction: The occurrence of congenital anomalies is one of the serious challenges in the world. Therefore, identifying related factors to reduce it is of particular importance. This study aimed to determine the incidence and factors related to congenital anomalies. Methods: An epidemiology study was conducted on 1567 infants and their parents in Kermanshah, Iran. The required information was extracted from the files of mothers in health centers. The data collection tool was a researcher-made checklist of 39 questions. The data was statistically analyzed with the STATA version 14 software. Result: The incidence of congenital anomalies was 2.9% (n = 45). Brain anomalies (n = 10) and pulmonary anomalies (n = 8) were the most common congenital anomalies in newborns. The results showed that parents’ age (p = 0.001), place of residence (p = 0.022), mother’s occupation (p = 0.010), hemoglobin level (p = 0.002), blood pressure disorders (p = 0.001), bleeding during pregnancy (p = 0.001), infection during pregnancy (p = 0.001), multivitamins (p = 0.002) and women’s previous birth records such as previous abnormal birth history (p = 0.015), abortion history (p = 0.001), stillbirth history (p = 0.001), birth history of infant less than 2500 g (p = 0.001) was found to have a statistically significant relationship with congenital anomalies. Conclusion: The incidence of congenital anomalies was high in Kermanshah city. Considering the identification of risk factors and preventive factors related to congenital anomalies, it is suggested that interventions be carried out in health centers to increase awareness among pregnant women to reduce the incidence of anomalies.

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Keywords

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