Open Access

ARTICLE

Mortality Rates of Ventricular Septal Defect for Children in Kazakhstan: Spatio-Temporal Epidemiological Appraisal

Akkerbez Adilbekova^1,3,*, Shukhrat Marassulov¹, Bakhytzhan Nurkeev¹, Saken Kozhakhmetov², Aikorkem Badambekova³

1 Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Department, National Scientific Medical Center, Astana City, Republic of Kazakhstan
2 Department of Surgical Diseases with Courses in Cardiothoracic Surgery and Maxillofacial Surgery, Аstana Medical University, Astana City, Republic of Kazakhstan
3 Faculty of General Medicine, Аstana Medical University, Astana City, Republic of Kazakhstan

* Corresponding Author: Akkerbez Adilbekova. Email:

Congenital Heart Disease 2023, 18(4), 447-459. https://doi.org/10.32604/chd.2023.028742

Received 05 January 2023; Accepted 19 May 2023; Issue published 15 September 2023

Abstract

Objective: The aim is to study the trends in ventricular septal defect (VSD) mortality in children in Kazakhstan. Methods: The retrospective study was done for the period 2011–2020. Descriptive and analytical methods of epidemiology were applied. The universally acknowledged methodology used in sanitary statistics is used to calculate the extensive, crude, and age-specific mortality rates. Results: Kazakhstan is thought to be seeing an increase in mortality from VSDs in children. As a result, this study for the years 2011 to 2020 was conducted to retrospectively assess data from the central registration of the Bureau of National Statistics that was available throughout the nation. Age-standardized mortality data were obtained and compared between age categories. It was shown that 507 children died from this condition throughout the time period under study. The average annual standardized mortality rate was 1.88 per 100,000 population and tended to decrease over time. The peak of mortality was noted at the age of up to 1 year, namely the neonatal period. Cartogram mortality rates were calculated using standardized indicators. Additionally, age-sex variations were taken into account when performing all calculations. Conclusion: In recent years, the death rate from VSD has declined from 1.5 to 0.6 per 100,000 people, with the trend remaining constant (T = 1.4%, R² = 0.5825). The analysis of mortality trends related to VSD is crucial in both theoretical and practical aspects, as it enables early detection and treatment of VSDs. The findings of this study will be valuable to public health authorities in developing a strategy to treat VSDs effectively.

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