Open Access

ARTICLE

Three‐dimensional rotational angiography in congenital heart disease: Present status and evolving future

Sok‐Leng Kang¹, Aimee Armstrong², Gregor Krings³, Lee Benson¹

1 Division of Cardiology, The Labatt Family Heart Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, The University of Toronto School of Medicine, Toronto, Canada
2 The Heart Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
3 Children's Heart Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands

* Corresponding Author: Lee Benson, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5G 1X8. Email:

Congenital Heart Disease 2019, 14(6), 1046-1057. https://doi.org/10.1111/chd.12838

Abstract

Three‐dimensional rotational angiography (3D‐RA) enables volumetric imaging through rotation of the C‐arm of an angiographic system and real‐time 3D recon‐ struction during cardiac catheterization procedures. In the field of congenital heart disease (CHD), 3D‐RA has gained considerable traction, owing to its capability for en‐ hanced visualization of spatial relationships in complex cardiac morphologies and real time image guidance in an intricate interventional environment. This review provides an overview of the current applications, strengths, and limitations of 3D‐RA acquisi‐ tion in the management of CHD and potential future directions. In addition, issues of dosimetry, radiation exposure, and optimization strategies will be reviewed. Further implementation of 3D‐RA will be driven by patient benefits relative to existing 3D imaging capabilities and fusion techniques balanced against radiation exposure.

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