Open Access

ARTICLE

Utilization of echocardiography in Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome

Kristina K. Rauser‐Foltz¹, Lois J. Starr², Anji T. Yetman¹

1 Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
2 Division of Clinical Genetics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Children’s Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska

* Corresponding Author: Anji T. Yetman, MD, Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital and Medical Center, 8200 Dodge St, Omaha NE 68114. Email:

Congenital Heart Disease 2019, 14(5), 864-867. https://doi.org/10.1111/chd.12824

Abstract

Objectives: This study assessed the frequency and utility of echocardiographic examination in patients with all forms of Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome and sought to iden‐ tify clinical variables associated with an abnormal echocardiogram.
Design/setting: This was a retrospective study of all patients carrying a diagnosis of Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome of any type who were evaluated by a pediatrician or pediatric subspecialist at a single tertiary medical center with an affiliated children’s hospital during the period January 2013 to December 2018.
Patients: Chart review was performed on all patients carrying a diagnosis of Ehlers‐ Danlos syndrome in the electronic medical record.
Outcome Measures: Data from genetics examination, cardiovascular examination where applicable, genetic test results when available, and echocardiography were recorded.
Results: Of 262 patients identified, echocardiography and cardiac evaluation were common occurring in 90% and 50% of patients with any form of Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome. Cardiovascular complications occurred in 50% of patients with vascular Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome but echocardiography was normal in all. Aortic dilation was common in classic Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome but absent in hypermobile Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome. Mitral valve prolapse and bicuspid aortic valve occurred at the same inci‐ dence as the general population. Cardiac symptoms were present in 12% but did not correlate with abnormal cardiac structure. Presentation with symptoms of musculo‐ skeletal pain was inversely related to the presence of cardiac pathology.
Conclusions: In light of the absence of cardiac pathology in patients with hypermo‐ bile Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome, routine cardiac evaluation and echocardiography are not required for patients with hypermobile Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome.

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