Open Access

ARTICLE

More than the heart: Hepatic, renal, and cardiac dysfunction in adult Fontan patients

Ryan D. Byrne¹, Angela J. Weingarten², Daniel E. Clark², Shi Huang³, Roman E. Perri⁴, Andrew E. Scanga⁴, Jonathan N. Menachem², Larry W. Markham⁵, Benjamin P. Frischhertz²

1 Departments of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
2 Vanderbilt Heart and Vascular Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
3 Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
4 Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
5 Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, Indiana

* Corresponding Author: Ryan D. Byrne, MD, Departments of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2200 Children's Way, 8161 DOT, Nashville, TN 37232-9760. Email: