Open Access

ARTICLE

Small atrial septal defects are associated with psychiatric diagnoses, emotional distress, and lower educational levels

Sebastian Udholm¹, Camilla Nyboe¹, Thomas Meinertz Dantoft², Torben Jørgensen^2,3,4, Charlotte U. Rask⁵, Vibeke E. Hjortdal¹

1 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
2 Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg & Frederiksberg Hospital, Capital Region Copenhagen, Denmark
3 Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
4 Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
5 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychiatry, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

* Corresponding Author: Sebastian Udholm, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul‐Jensens Blvd. 99, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark. Email: