Open Access

ARTICLE

Molecular characterization of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam) germplasms for desirable traits by using simple sequence repeats markers

KHANDAKAR ABU MD MOSTAFIZAR RAHMAN^1,2, ABDUL SHUKOR JURAIMI^2,*, MD. REZWAN MOLLA³, MUHAMMAD ASYRAF MD HATTA⁴, ZULKEFLY BIN SULAIMAN⁵, SHAMIMA SULTANA⁶, AHMED GABER⁷, BENUKAR BISWAS⁸, AKBAR HOSSAIN^9,*

1 Tuber Crop Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, 1701, Bangladesh
2 Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Kuala Lumpur, 43400, Malaysia
3 Plant Genetic Resources Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, 1701, Bangladesh
4 Department of Agriculture Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Kuala Lumpur, 43400, Malaysia
5 Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Kuala Lumpur, 43400, Malaysia
6 Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Cumilla, 3500, Bangladesh
7 Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
8 Department of Agronomy, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Nadia, WB, 741252, India
9 Division of Agronomy, Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute, Dinajpur, 5200, Bangladesh

* Corresponding Authors: Abdul Shukor Juraimi, ; Akbar Hossain,

BIOCELL 2023, 47(1), 227-237. https://doi.org/10.32604/biocell.2023.025135

Received 23 June 2022; Accepted 19 August 2022; Issue published 26 September 2022

Abstract

Every breeding program that aims to create new and improved cultivars with desired traits mostly relies on information related to genetic diversity. Therefore, molecular characterization of germplasms is important to obtain target cultivars with desirable traits. Sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam] is widely considered the world’s most important crop, with great diversity in morphological and phenotypic traits. The genetic diversity of 20 sweet potato germplasms originating from Bangladesh, CIP, Philippines, Taiwan, and Malaysia were compared, which was accomplished by genetic diversity analysis by exploring 20 microsatellite DNA markers for germplasm characterization and utilization. This information was effective in differentiating or clustering the sweet potato genotypes. A total of 64 alleles were generated using the 20 primers throughout the 20 germplasm samples, with locus IBS97 having the highest number of alleles (5), whereas locus IbU33 had the fewest alleles (2). The alleles varied in size from 105 (IbU31) to 213 base pairs (IBS34). The Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) values for the loci IbL46 and IBS97 varied from 0.445 to 0.730. IBS97 has the highest number of effective alleles (3.704), compared to an average of 2.520. The average Shannon’s diversity index (H) was 1.003, ranging from 0.673 in IbU3 to 1.432 in IBS97. The value of gene flow (Nm) varied between 0.000 and 0.005, with an average of 0.003, whereas genetic differentiation (FST-values) ranged between 0.901 and 1.000. The sweet potato germplasm included in this study had a broad genetic base. SP1 vs. SP9 and SP12 vs. SP18 germplasm pairings had the greatest genetic distance (GD = 0.965), while SP1 vs. SP2 germplasm couples had the least genetic diversity (GD = 0.093). Twenty genotypes were classified into two groups in the UPGMA dendrogram, with 16 genotypes classified as group “A” and the remaining four genotypes, SP10, SP18, SP19, and SP20, classified as group “B.” According to cluster analysis, the anticipated heterozygosity (gene diversity) of Nei (1973) was 0.591 on average. In summary, SSR markers successfully evaluated the genetic relationships among the sweet potato accessions used and generated a high level of polymorphism. The results of the present study will be useful for the management of germplasm, improvement of the current breeding strategies, and the release of new cultivars as varieties.

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