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Mesenchymal stem cells, secretome and biomaterials in in-vivo animal models: Regenerative medicine application in cutaneous wound healing

by MASSIMO CONESE^1,*, AURELIO PORTINCASA²

1 Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, 71122, Italy
2 Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, 71122, Italy

* Corresponding Author: Massimo Conese,

(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Secretome and Biomaterials: Regenerative Medicine Application)

BIOCELL 2022, 46(8), 1815-1826. https://doi.org/10.32604/biocell.2022.019448

Received 25 September 2021; Accepted 13 December 2021; Issue published 22 April 2022

Abstract

The treatment of nonhealing and chronic cutaneous wounds still needs a clinical advancement to be effective. Both mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), obtained from different sources, and their secretome derived thereof (especially exosomes) can activate signaling pathways related to promotion of cell migration, vascularization, collagen deposition, and inflammatory response demonstrating prohealing, angiogenetic and anti-scarring capacities. On the other hand, biodegradable biomimetic scaffolds can facilitate endogenous cell attachment and proliferation as well as extracellular matrix production. In this Review, we revise the complex composites made by biomimetic scaffolds, mainly hydrogels, and MSC-derived exosomes constructed for cutaneous wound healing. Studies demonstrate that there exists a synergistic action of scaffolds with encapsulated exosomes, displaying a sustained release profiles to facilitate longlasting healing effects. It can be envisioned that dressings made by biomimetic hydrogels and MSC-derived exosomes will be clinically applied in the near future for the effective treatment of nonhealing and chronic wounds.

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