Open Access

ARTICLE

Cell bioenergetics: Simple logics, complex solution

by LUIS S. MAYORGA^*

Instituto de Histología y Embriología de Mendoza (IHEM, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Mendoza, 5500, Argentina

* Corresponding Author: Luis S. Mayorga,

BIOCELL 2022, 46(10), 2217-2220. https://doi.org/10.32604/biocell.2022.020806

Received 15 December 2021; Accepted 23 February 2022; Issue published 13 June 2022

Abstract

Cells are open systems that exchange energy and molecules with their environment. As any material system, they perform all the complex activities required for homeostasis and reproduction, obeying the thermodynamic laws. This viewpoint will argue that the basic logic governing the energy flux required to preserve cell organization and function is simple: to decrease the activation energy (Ea) of specific processes. Almost none of the possible chemical reactions and energy transformations inside a cell occur at a measurable speed at room or body temperature. Enzymes or other macromolecular structures speed up particular transformations by decreasing the corresponding energetic barriers. However, to maintain the systems in a homeostatic state, capable of sophisticated functions based on this simple strategy requires an inconceivably complex solution. The conclusion will point to the challenging and intricate problems that cells have solved to carve the highly regulated channel through which the energy flows, fueling the work of these nanoscale machines.

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