Open Access

ARTICLE

Calcium chloride linked camel milk derived casein nanoparticles for the delivery of sorafenib in hepatocarcinoma cells

AASTHA MITTAL¹, NEELAM MAHALA¹, KOWTHAVARAPU VENKATA KRISHNA², UMA S. DUBEY^1,*, SUNIL KUMAR DUBEY^2,3,*

1 Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani Campus, Pilani (BITS-PILANI), 333031, India
2 Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani Campus, Pilani (BITS-PILANI), 333031, India
3 R&D Healthcare Division Emami, Ltd., Kolkata, 700056, India

* Corresponding Authors:SUNIL KUMAR DUBEY. Email: ; UMA S. DUBEY. Email: -pilani.ac.in

BIOCELL 2022, 46(1), 127-136. https://doi.org/10.32604/biocell.2021.015932

Received 24 January 2021; Accepted 29 March 2021; Issue published 29 September 2021

Abstract

Sorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor used for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma, is limited by its low oral bioavailability. To overcome this drawback, we have developed novel camel milk casein-derived nanoparticles as a drug delivery system. Camel milk casein is not only biocompatible on oral administration but is actually a dietary protein of pharmaceutical relevance. Casein is used because of its amphiphilic nature, self-assembling property, ability to show sustained release, and capability of encapsulating both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs. In this study, camel milk casein nanoparticles loaded with sorafenib were developed and characterized. Characterization of casein nanoparticles was done by dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential analysis, scanning light microscopy (SEM), and FTIR. The drug content in nanoparticle and drug-protein binding studies were conducted by UV spectroscopy. The cytotoxicity and cellular uptake efficiency studies were performed in HepG2 cell lines. It was observed that the cytotoxic effect of sorafenib loaded camel milk casein nanoparticles was more than free sorafenib in HepG2 cells. This work suggests camel milk casein as a suitable drug delivery molecule for sorafenib. In the future, it may also be used in enhancing the efficacy and specific distribution of other water-insoluble anticancer drugs.

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