Open Access

REVIEW

Understanding the role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of brain arteriovenous malformations

ILGIZ GAREEV¹, OZAL BEYLERLI¹, CHUNLEI WANG^2,3, ANDREI SOKHATSKII^2,3, YANCHAO LIANG^2,3, HUAN XIANG^2,3, CHUNYANG LIU^2,3, XUN XU^2,3, YANG GUANG^2,3

1 Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia
2 Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
3 Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China

* Corresponding Authors: YANG GUANG. Email: ; OZAL BEYLERLI. Email: ; ILGIZ GAREEV. Email:

(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Noncoding RNAs & Associated Human Diseases)

BIOCELL 2022, 46(1), 27-35. https://doi.org/10.32604/biocell.2022.016288

Received 23 February 2021; Accepted 19 April 2021; Issue published 28 September 2021

Abstract

Brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are abnormal vessels that are prone to rupture, causing life-threatening intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Understanding the molecular basis of pathogenesis, timely diagnosis, and treatment of brain AVMs are some of the urgent problems in neurosurgery. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small endogenous RNAs that regulate gene-expression posttranscriptionally. MiRNAs are involved in almost all biological processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell differentiation. Recent studies have shown that miRNAs can be involved in brain AVMs formation and rupture. There are also extracellular forms of miRNAs. Circulating miRNAs have been detected in the blood circulation and other body fluids. Owing to their stability and resistance to endogenous RNase activity, circulating miRNAs have been proposed as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for various diseases, such as tumors, cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases. In this review, we summarized the role of some miRNAs in brain AVMs pathogenesis and discussed their potential clinical application as non-invasive biomarkers.

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