Open Access
ARTICLE
Integrated analysis of human influenza A (H1N1) virus infectionrelated genes to construct a suitable diagnostic model
WENBIAO CHEN, KEFAN BI, JINGJING JIANG, XUJUN ZHANG, HONGYAN DIAO*
State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
* Address correspondence to: Hongyan Diao,
BIOCELL 2021, 45(4), 885-899. https://doi.org/10.32604/biocell.2021.012938
Received 19 July 2020; Accepted 26 November 2020; Issue published 22 April 2021
Abstract
The genome characteristics and structural functions of coding proteins correlate with the genetic diversity of
the H1N1 virus, which aids in the understanding of its underlying pathogenic mechanism. In this study, analyses of the
characteristic of the H1N1 virus infection-related genes, their biological functions, and infection-related reversal drugs
were performed. Additionally, we used multi-dimensional bioinformatics analysis to identify the key genes and then
used these to construct a diagnostic model for the H1N1 virus infection. There was a total of 169 differently expressed
genes in the samples between 21 h before infection and 77 h after infection. They were used during the protein–
protein interaction (PPI) analysis, and we obtained a total of 1725 interacting genes. Then, we performed a weighted
gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) on these genes, and we identified three modules that showed
significant potential for the diagnosis of the H1N1 virus infection. These modules contained 60 genes, and they were
used to construct this diagnostic model, which showed an effective prediction value. Besides, these 60 genes were
involved in the biological functions of this infectious virus, like the cellular response to type I interferon and in the
negative regulation of the viral life cycle. However, 20 genes showed an upregulated expression as the infection
progressed. Other 36 upregulated genes were used to examine the relationship between genes, human influenza A
virus, and infection-related reversal drugs. This study revealed numerous important reversal drug molecules on the
H1N1 virus. They included rimantadine, interferons, and shikimic acid. Our study provided a novel method to
analyze the characteristic of different genes and explore their corresponding biological function during the infection
caused by the H1N1 virus. This diagnostic model, which comprises 60 genes, shows that a significant predictive value
can be the potential biomarker for the diagnosis of the H1N1 virus infection.
Keywords
Cite This Article
CHEN, W., BI, K., JIANG, J., ZHANG, X., DIAO, H. (2021). Integrated analysis of human influenza A (H1N1) virus infectionrelated genes to construct a suitable diagnostic model.
BIOCELL, 45(4), 885–899. https://doi.org/10.32604/biocell.2021.012938