Open Access
ARTICLE
Ala-Gln improves varicocele-induced testicular injury by increasing HSP70 and antioxidant activity in male rats
LEI YU1,2, ZHEN FAN3, HONGQIANG WANG2, WENXIAN LI4, TAO JING2, QIANG LI2, SHENQIAN LI2, PEITAO WANG2, XUJUN XUAN1,*
1 Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
2 Department of Andrology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
3 Department of Ophthalmology, Qingdao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Qingdao Hiser Hospital), Qingdao, 266034, China
4 Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
* Address correspondence to: Xujun Xuan,
BIOCELL 2021, 45(2), 323-329. https://doi.org/10.32604/biocell.2021.09034
Received 16 November 2019; Accepted 12 August 2020; Issue published 19 February 2021
Abstract
This worked aimed to test the hypothesis that L-alanyl-L-glutamine (Ala-Gln) improves the varicocele-induced
testicular injury, which causes male infertility. For this purpose, fifty adult male Wistar rats received the varicocele (VC)
surgery at the left renal vein. Biomarkers were determined 2, 4, and 8 weeks after VC (n = 10/each detection). Four weeks
after VC, rats received Ala-Gln (1.125 g/kg) treatment with and or saline for 1 week (n = 10/each group). Rats in the sham
group were also detected for biomarkers at 2, 4, and 8 weeks (n = 10/each detection). VC caused testicular injury detected
by hematoxylin–eosin (H&E) staining, immunohistochemistry, and TUNEL assay. HSP70 mRNA was detected
quantitative RT-PCR, SOD, and CAT by nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) method and 8-OHDG by ELISA. The results
showed that varicocele induced injury in the testes. The weight of the left testes was lower than that of the right testes
in VC-bearing rats (
p < 0.01). The relative numbers of sustentacular and spermatogenic cells were decreased after VC
(
p < 0.01). In sham-4 wk, VC-4wk, VC-5wk and Ala-Gln groups, the apoptosis index was 5.10 ± 1.14, 13.22 ± 3.63,
33.62 ± 3.56 and 22.33 ± 2.61, relative level of HSP70 mRNA 1.00 ± 0.12, 0.53 ± 0.05, 0.51 ± 0.04 and 1.62 ± 0.15
fold, SOD 16.4 ± 0.23, 13.4 ± 0.17, 10.01 ± 1.06 and 19.53 ± 2.26 U/mg protein, CAT 2.16 ± 0.31, 1.07 ± 0.28, and
1.31 ± 0.26 and 3.46 ± 0.71 U/mg, 8-OHDG 5.23 ± 0.67, 6.81 ± 0.78, 7.16 ± 1.22 and 4.14 ± 0.73 pg/μg DNA,
respectively (
p < 0.01). Our results suggest that Ala-Gln prevented the VC-induced testicular injury. We have firstly
reported that Ala-Gln protects against varicocele-induced testicular injuries by up-regulation of HSP70 and
antioxidants, SOD and CAT, and down-regulation of oxidant 8-OHDG, resulting in reducing apoptosis in the testis.
Keywords
Cite This Article
YU, L., FAN, Z., WANG, H., LI, W., JING, T. et al. (2021). Ala-Gln improves varicocele-induced testicular injury by increasing HSP70 and antioxidant activity in male rats.
BIOCELL, 45(2), 323–329.
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