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The pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease and crosstalk with other diseases

TINGTING LIU#, DINGYOU GUO#, JIANSHE WEI*
Institute for Brain Sciences Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
* Corresponding Author: JIANSHE WEI. Email: email
(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Exploring the Cellular Mechanisms of Neurodegenerative Diseases)

BIOCELL https://doi.org/10.32604/biocell.2024.051518

Received 07 March 2024; Accepted 13 May 2024; Published online 11 June 2024

Abstract

In China, Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most prevalent central nervous system (CNS) degenerative illness affecting middle-aged and older persons. Movement disorders including resting tremor, bradykinesia, myotonia, postural instability, and gait instability are the predominant clinical symptoms. The two main types of PD are sporadic and familial, with sporadic PD being the more prevalent of the two. The environment, genetics, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, inflammation, protein aggregation and misfolding, loss of trophic factors, cell death, and gut microbiota may all have a role in the etiology of PD. PD is inversely connected with other cancers and positively correlated with COVID-19, diabetes mellitus (DM), melanoma, and ischemic heart disease (IHD) risk. Delaying disease progression, managing motor and non-motor symptoms, and avoiding and controlling dysfunction in the middle and later phases of the disease are the key areas of research and development for its therapy. Presently, the development and progression of PD can be slowed down by using conventional pharmacology, natural items, and innovative technology. This article reviews the pathogenesis of PD, its correlations with other non-genetic diseases, and the research progress of drugs and technologies for alleviating PD.

Keywords

Parkinson’s disease; Mitochondrial dysfunction; Oxidative stress; Inflammation; Cancer; Therapies

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