Open Access

ARTICLE

Computation of Energy Release Rates for Kinking Cracks based on Virtual Crack Closure Technique

De Xie¹, Anthony M. Waas^1,2, Khaled W. Shahwan³, Jessica A. Schroeder⁴, Raymond G. Boeman⁵

1 Department of Aerospace Engineering, The University of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2140, USA
2 e-mail: dcw@umich.edu Fax: (734) 763-0578
3 Scientific Labs, DaimlerChrysler Corporation Auburn Hills, MI 48326-2757, USA
4 Research and Development Center, General Motors Corporation Warren, MI 48090-9055, USA
5 Metals and Ceramics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6053, USA