Open Access

ARTICLE

Unsteady Flow of Hybrid Nanofluid with Magnetohydrodynamics-Radiation-Natural Convection Effects in a U-Shaped Wavy Porous Cavity

Taher Armaghani¹, Lioua Kolsi², Najiyah Safwa Khashi’ie^3,*, Ahmed Muhammed Rashad⁴, Muhammed Ahmed Mansour⁵, Taha Salah⁶, Aboulbaba Eladeb⁷

1 Department of Engineering, West Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, 1468763785, Iran
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Ha’il, Ha’il City, 81451, Saudi Arabia
3 Fakulti Teknologi dan Kejuruteraan Mekanikal, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, 76100, Malaysia
4 Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan, 81528, Egypt
5 Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Assuit University, Assuit, 71515, Egypt
6 Basic and Applied Sciences Department, College of Engineering and Technology, Arab Academy for Science & Technology and Maritime Transport (AASTMT), Aswan Branch, 81511, Aswan, Egypt
7 Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, Northern Border University, Arar, 91431, Saudi Arabia

* Corresponding Author: Najiyah Safwa Khashi’ie. Email: