Open Access

ARTICLE

Unsteady Flow of Hybrid Nanofluid with Magnetohydrodynamics-Radiation-Natural Convection Effects in a U-Shaped Wavy Porous Cavity

by Taher Armaghani¹, Lioua Kolsi², Najiyah Safwa Khashi’ie^3,*, Ahmed Muhammed Rashad⁴, Muhammed Ahmed Mansour⁵, Taha Salah⁶, Aboulbaba Eladeb⁷

1 Department of Engineering, West Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, 1468763785, Iran
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Ha’il, Ha’il City, 81451, Saudi Arabia
3 Fakulti Teknologi dan Kejuruteraan Mekanikal, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, 76100, Malaysia
4 Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan, 81528, Egypt
5 Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Assuit University, Assuit, 71515, Egypt
6 Basic and Applied Sciences Department, College of Engineering and Technology, Arab Academy for Science & Technology and Maritime Transport (AASTMT), Aswan Branch, 81511, Aswan, Egypt
7 Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, Northern Border University, Arar, 91431, Saudi Arabia

* Corresponding Author: Najiyah Safwa Khashi’ie. Email:

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024, 141(3), 2225-2251. https://doi.org/10.32604/cmes.2024.056676

Received 27 July 2024; Accepted 20 September 2024; Issue published 31 October 2024

Abstract

In this paper, the unsteady magnetohydrodynamic (MHD)-radiation-natural convection of a hybrid nanofluid within a U-shaped wavy porous cavity is investigated. This problem has relevant applications in optimizing thermal management systems in electronic devices, solar energy collectors, and other industrial applications where efficient heat transfer is very important. The study is based on the application of a numerical approach using the Finite Difference Method (FDM) for the resolution of the governing equations, which incorporates the Rosseland approximation for thermal radiation and the Darcy-Brinkman-Forchheimer model for porous media. It was found that the increase of Hartmann number (Ha) causes a reduction of the average Nusselt number (Nu), with a maximum decrease of 25% observed as Ha increases from 0 to 50. In addition, the influence of the wall’s wave amplitude and the heat source length on the heat transfer rate was quantified, and it was revealed that at high wave amplitude, the average Nu increases by up to 15%. These findings suggest that manipulating magnetic field strength and cavity geometry can significantly enhance thermal performance. The novelty of this is related to the exploration of a U-shaped wavy cavity, which is not covered in previous studies, and to the detailed examination of the combined effects of magnetic fields, radiation, and hybrid nanofluids.

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Keywords

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