Open Access

ARTICLE

Performance Analysis of Curved Track G2T-FSO (Ground-to-Train Free Space Optical) Model under Various Weather Conditions

by Mohammed A. Alhartomi^1,*, Mohammad F. L. Abdullah², Wafi A. B. Mabrouk², Mohammed S. M. Gismalla³, Ahmed Alzahmi¹, Saeed Alzahrani¹, Mohammad R. Altimania¹, Mohammed S. Alsawat⁴

1 Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
2 Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), Johor, 86400, Malaysia
3 Center for Communication Systems and Sensing, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
4 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia

* Corresponding Author: Mohammed A. Alhartomi. Email:

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024, 141(3), 2087-2105. https://doi.org/10.32604/cmes.2024.055679

Received 04 July 2024; Accepted 03 September 2024; Issue published 31 October 2024

Abstract

The demand for broadband data services on high-speed trains is rapidly growing as more people commute between their homes and workplaces. However, current radio frequency (RF) technology cannot adequately meet this demand. In order to address the bandwidth constraint, a technique known as free space optics (FSO) has been proposed. This paper presents a mathematical derivation and formulation of curve track G2T-FSO (Ground-to-train Free Space Optical) model, where the track radius characteristics is 2667 m, divergence angle track is 1.5° for train velocity at V = 250 km/h. Multiple transmitter configurations are proposed to maximize coverage range and enhance curve track G2T-FSO link performance under varying weather conditions. The curved track G2T-FSO model was evaluated in terms of received power, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), bit error rate (BER), and eye diagrams. The results showed maximum coverage lengths of 618, 505, 365, and 240 m for 4Tx/1Rx, 3Tx/1Rx, 2Tx/1Rx, and 1Tx/1Rx configurations, respectively. The analyzed results demonstrate that the G2T-FSO link can be effectively implemented under various weather conditions.

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Keywords

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