Open Access

REVIEW

Phase-Field Simulation of Sintering Process: A Review

Ming Xue, Min Yi^*

State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Aerospace Structures & Institute for Frontier Science & Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education & College of Aerospace Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics (NUAA), Nanjing, 210016, China

* Corresponding Author: Min Yi. Email:

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024, 140(2), 1165-1204. https://doi.org/10.32604/cmes.2024.049367

Received 24 January 2024; Accepted 12 March 2024; Issue published 20 May 2024

Abstract

Sintering, a well-established technique in powder metallurgy, plays a critical role in the processing of high melting point materials. A comprehensive understanding of structural changes during the sintering process is essential for effective product assessment. The phase-field method stands out for its unique ability to simulate these structural transformations. Despite its widespread application, there is a notable absence of literature reviews focused on its usage in sintering simulations. Therefore, this paper addresses this gap by reviewing the latest advancements in phase-field sintering models, covering approaches based on energy, grand potential, and entropy increase. The characteristics of various models are extensively discussed, with a specific emphasis on energy-based models incorporating considerations such as interface energy anisotropy, tensor-form diffusion mechanisms, and various forms of rigid particle motion during sintering. Furthermore, the paper offers a concise summary of phase-field sintering models that integrate with other physical fields, including stress/strain fields, viscous flow, temperature field, and external electric fields. In conclusion, the paper provides a succinct overview of the entire content and delineates potential avenues for future research.

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