Open Access

ARTICLE

On Hiding Secret Information in Medium Frequency DCT Components Using Least Significant Bits Steganography

Sahib Khan^1,*, M A Irfan¹, Arslan Arif¹, Syed Tahir Hussain Rizvi², Asma Gul³, Muhammad Naeem⁴, Nasir Ahmad⁵

1 Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy.
2 Department of Computer Engineering, University of Lahore, Pakistan.
3 Department of Statistics, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University Peshawar, Pakistan.
4 Department of Computer Science, University of Peshawar, Pakistan.
5 Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Loughborough University, United King-dom.

* Corresponding Author: Sahib Khan. Email: .

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2019, 118(3), 529-546. https://doi.org/10.31614/cmes.2019.06179

Abstract

This work presents a new method of data hiding in digital images, in discrete cosine transform domain. The proposed method uses the least significant bits of the medium frequency components of the cover image for hiding the secret information, while the low and high frequency coefficients are kept unaltered. The unaltered low frequency DCT coefficients preserves the quality of the smooth region of the cover image, while no changes in the high DCT coefficient preserve the quality of the edges. As the medium frequency components have less contribution towards energy and image details, so the modification of these coefficients for data hiding results in high quality stego images. The distortion due to the changes in the medium frequency coefficients is insignificant to be detected by the human visual system. The proposed methods demonstrated a hiding capacity of 43.11% with the stego image quality of a peak signal to the noise ration of 36.3 dB, which is significantly higher than the threshold of 30 dB for a stego image quality. The proposed technique is immune to steganalysis and has proved to be highly secured against both spatial and DCT domain steganalysis techniques.

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Keywords

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