CMES-Vol. 114, No. 2, 2018

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ARTICLE

Dimensionless Study on Secretion Clearance of a Pressure Controlled Mechanical Ventilation System with Double Lungs
Dongkai Shen^1,2,+, Qian Zhang¹, Yixuan Wang^1,*, Huiqing Ge^3,*, Zujin Luo^4,+
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.114, No.2, pp. 117-139, 2018, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2018.114.117
Abstract A pressure controlled mechanical ventilator with an automatic secretion clearance function can improve secretion clearance safely and efficiently. Studies on secretion clearance by pressure controlled systems show that these are suited for clinical applications. However, these studies are based on a single lung electric model and neglect the coupling between the two lungs. The research methods applied are too complex for the analysis of a multi-parameter system. In order to understand the functioning of the human respiratory system, this paper develops a dimensionless mathematical model of double-lung mechanical ventilation system with a secretion clearance function. More >

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Automatic Delineation of Lung Parenchyma Based on Multilevel Thresholding and Gaussian Mixture Modelling
S. Gopalakrishnan^{1, *}, A. Kandaswamy²
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.114, No.2, pp. 141-152, 2018, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2018.114.141
Abstract Delineation of the lung parenchyma in the thoracic Computed Tomography (CT) is an important processing step for most of the pulmonary image analysis such as lung volume extraction, lung nodule detection and pulmonary vessel segmentation. An automatic method for accurate delineation of lung parenchyma in thoracic Computed Tomography images is presented in this paper. The proposed method involves a segmentation phase followed by a lung boundary correction technique. The tissues in the thoracic Computed Tomography can be represented by a number of Gaussians. We propose a histogram utilized Adaptive Multilevel Thresholding (AMT) for estimating the More >

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Mechanism Based Pharmacokinetic Pharmacodynamic Modeling of Vildagliptin as an Add-on to Metformin for Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes
Marziyeh Eftekhari¹, Omid Vahidi^1,*
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.114, No.2, pp. 153-171, 2018, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2018.114.153
Abstract Various drugs are used to maintain normoglycemia in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The combination of the drugs from different classes in one single tablet may enhance the effectiveness of the anti-diabetic drugs. To investigate the impact of combining drugs on the glucose regulation of subjects with type 2 diabetes, we propose a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) mathematical modeling approach for a combination of metformin and vildagliptin drugs. In the proposed modeling approach, two separate PK models representing oral administration of metformin and vildagliptin for diabetic subjects are interconnected to a PD model comprising a detailed More >

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ARTICLE

Modeling and Simulation of Human Cornea for the Measurement of Intraocular Pressure (IOP) through Eyelid
Mahesh B. Mawale¹, Abhaykumar Kuthe², Padma G. Pawane³, Sandeep W. Dahake²
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.114, No.2, pp. 173-189, 2018, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2018.114.173
Abstract This article describes a study based on the use of an instrumented form of applanation and indentation tonometry through eyelid. The methods and devices which are available for the measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP) have their own limitations. These cause discomfort to the patients during IOP measurement. Also these methods, used to measure IOP over cornea, need anesthesia. In the present work, an attempt is made to develop a device for the measurement of IOP through eyelid which eliminates the need of anesthesia and enhance the patient’s comfort and convenience of the clinician. To represent More >

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Using a Musculoskeletal Mathematical Model to Analyze Fatigue of the Muscles in the Lower Limbs during Different Motions
Kaito Watanabe¹, Masaki Izawa¹, Ayumi Takahashi¹, Kazuhito Misaji^1,*
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.114, No.2, pp. 191-207, 2018, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2018.114.191
Abstract Under the aim of finding effective rehabilitation solutions, the difference between the extents of fatigue of each muscle used in different motions are compared. Previous research suggested methods for estimating muscle torque and muscle tension on the basis of a musculoskeletal model. As a result, it has become possible to quantitatively identify the extent of fatigue in each muscle during motion. Therefore, to evaluate muscle fatigue more quantitatively, driving power and angular momentum are focused on. Based on the driving torque of joints and the muscle torque calculated by using a three-dimensional musculoskeletal model, a More >

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An Ensemble Based Hand Vein Pattern Authentication System
M. Rajalakshmi^*
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.114, No.2, pp. 209-220, 2018, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2018.114.209
Abstract Amongst several biometric traits, Vein pattern biometric has drawn much attention among researchers and diverse users. It gains its importance due to its difficulty in reproduction and inherent security advantages. Many research papers have dealt with the topic of new generation biometric solutions such as iris and vein biometrics. However, most implementations have been based on small datasets due to the difficulties in obtaining samples. In this paper, a deeper study has been conducted on previously suggested methods based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) using a larger dataset. Also, modifications are suggested for implementation using More >

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Patient-Specific Echo-Based Fluid-Structure Interaction Modeling Study of Blood Flow in the Left Ventricle with Infarction and Hypertension
Longling Fan^1,*, Jing Yao ^{2, *}, Chun Yang³, Di Xu², Dalin Tang^{1, 4, §}
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.114, No.2, pp. 221-237, 2018, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2018.114.221
Abstract Understanding cardiac blood flow behaviors is of importance for cardiovascular research and clinical assessment of ventricle functions. Patient-specific Echo-based left ventricle (LV) fluid-structure interaction (FSI) models were introduced to perform ventricle mechanical analysis, investigate flow behaviors, and evaluate the impact of myocardial infarction (MI) and hypertension on blood flow in the LV. Echo image data were acquired from 3 patients with consent obtained: one healthy volunteer (P1), one hypertension patient (P2), and one patient who had an inferior and posterior myocardial infarction (P3). The nonlinear Mooney-Rivlin model was used for ventricle tissue with material parameter… More >

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Micromechanics-Based Elastic Fields of Closed-Cell Porous Media
Lianhua Ma¹, Qingsheng Yang^{2, *}
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.114, No.2, pp. 239-259, 2018, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2018.114.239
Abstract Fluid-filled closed-cell porous media could exhibit distinctive features which are influenced by initial fluid pressures inside the cavities. Based on the equivalent far-field method, micromechanics-based solutions for the local elastic fields of porous media saturated with pressurized fluid are formulated in this paper. In the present micromechanics model, three configurations are introduced to characterize the different state the closed-cell porous media. The fluid-filled cavity is assumed to be a compressible elastic solid with a zero shear modulus, and the pressures in closed pores are represented by eigenstrains introduced in fluid domains. With the assumption of… More >

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