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Structural Design and Optimization

Submission Deadline: 31 January 2024 (closed) View: 315

Guest Editors

Prof. Hongling Ye, Beijing University of Technology, China
Prof. Pin Wen, Wuhan University of Technology, China
Dr. Weiwei Wang, Peking University, China

Summary

The term Structural Optimization pertains to the procedure of identifying the optimal arrangement design of a structure, which complies with specific criteria while minimizing expenses or performance. This process involves utilizing mathematical algorithms and computer simulations to analyze and enhance various design parameters such as geometry, material properties, and other relevant factors. Structural optimization is a robust technique that promotes creative structural designs and enhances the overall efficiency of a structure. Due to the increasing demand for sustainable, efficient, and high-quality engineering structures, there is an urgent necessity to develop more comprehensive design approaches and propose innovative design concepts. Consequently, this special issue seeks to present the latest advancements in structural optimization, covering a broad range of topics, including but not restricted to:

 

• Multi-objective optimization

• Multi-disciplinary optimization

• Surrogate-based optimization

• Material/structure concurrent optimization

• Robust and reliability-based optimization

• Applications of innovative structural design

• Evolutionary Algorithms, swarm intelligence, nature and biologically inspired metaheuristics, etc. and their applications.

• Multidisciplinary structural design and optimization: surrogate modeling, inverse analysis, etc.

• Topology optimization

• Deep learning based innovative structural/material design and applications

• Reinforcement learning and optimization

Keywords

Topology optimization; Multiscale optimization; Computational mechanics; New structural optimization algorithm; Innovative structural design

Published Papers

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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Calculation of Mass Concrete Temperature and Creep Stress under the Influence of Local Air Heat Transfer

    Heng Zhang, Chao Su, Xiaohu Chen, Zhizhong Song, Weijie Zhan
    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.140, No.3, pp. 2977-3000, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2024.047972
    （This article belongs to the Special Issue: Structural Design and Optimization)
    Abstract Temperature-induced cracking during the construction of mass concrete is a significant concern. Numerical simulations of concrete temperature have primarily assumed that the concrete is placed in an open environment. The problem of heat transfer between the air and concrete has been simplified to the concrete’s heat dissipation boundary. However, in the case of tubular concrete structures, where air inlet and outlet are relatively limited, the internal air temperature does not dissipate promptly to the external environment as it rises. To accurately simulate the temperature and creep stress in tubular concrete structures with enclosed air spaces… More >

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    287

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Multiscale Reliability-Based Design Optimization Method for Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Composite Drive Shafts

    Huile Zhang, Shikang Li, Yurui Wu, Pengpeng Zhi, Wei Wang, Zhonglai Wang
    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.140, No.2, pp. 1975-1996, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2024.050185
    （This article belongs to the Special Issue: Structural Design and Optimization)
    Abstract Carbon fiber composites, characterized by their high specific strength and low weight, are becoming increasingly crucial in automotive lightweighting. However, current research primarily emphasizes layer count and orientation, often neglecting the potential of microstructural design, constraints in the layup process, and performance reliability. This study, therefore, introduces a multiscale reliability-based design optimization method for carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) drive shafts. Initially, parametric modeling of the microscale cell was performed, and its elastic performance parameters were predicted using two homogenization methods, examining the impact of fluctuations in microscale cell parameters on composite material performance. A finite… More >

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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Topology Optimization of Two Fluid Heat Transfer Problems for Heat Exchanger Design

    Kun Yan, Yunyu Wang, Jun Yan
    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.140, No.2, pp. 1949-1974, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2024.048877
    （This article belongs to the Special Issue: Structural Design and Optimization)
    Abstract Topology optimization of thermal-fluid coupling problems has received widespread attention. This article proposes a novel topology optimization method for laminar two-fluid heat exchanger design. The proposed method utilizes an artificial density field to create two permeability interpolation functions that exhibit opposing trends, ensuring separation between the two fluid domains. Additionally, a Gaussian function is employed to construct an interpolation function for the thermal conductivity coefficient. Furthermore, a computational program has been developed on the OpenFOAM platform for the topology optimization of two-fluid heat exchangers. This program leverages parallel computing, significantly reducing the time required for More >

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    416

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Multi-Material Topology Optimization of 2D Structures Using Convolutional Neural Networks

    Jiaxiang Luo, Weien Zhou, Bingxiao Du, Daokui Li, Wen Yao
    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.140, No.2, pp. 1919-1947, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2024.048118
    （This article belongs to the Special Issue: Structural Design and Optimization)
    Abstract In recent years, there has been significant research on the application of deep learning (DL) in topology optimization (TO) to accelerate structural design. However, these methods have primarily focused on solving binary TO problems, and effective solutions for multi-material topology optimization (MMTO) which requires a lot of computing resources are still lacking. Therefore, this paper proposes the framework of multiphase topology optimization using deep learning to accelerate MMTO design. The framework employs convolutional neural network (CNN) to construct a surrogate model for solving MMTO, and the obtained surrogate model can rapidly generate multi-material structure topologies… More >

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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Dynamic Response of Foundations during Startup of High-Frequency Tunnel Equipment

    Dawei Ruan, Mingwei Hu
    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.140, No.1, pp. 821-844, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2024.048392
    （This article belongs to the Special Issue: Structural Design and Optimization)
    Abstract The specialized equipment utilized in long-line tunnel engineering is evolving towards large-scale, multifunctional, and complex orientations. The vibration caused by the high-frequency units during regular operation is supported by the foundation of the units, and the magnitude of vibration and the operating frequency fluctuate in different engineering contexts, leading to variations in the dynamic response of the foundation. The high-frequency units yield significantly diverse outcomes under different startup conditions and times, resulting in failure to meet operational requirements, influencing the normal function of the tunnel, and causing harm to the foundation structure, personnel, and property… More >

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    290

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Multi-Stage Multidisciplinary Design Optimization Method for Enhancing Complete Artillery Internal Ballistic Firing Performance

    Jipeng Xie, Guolai Yang, Liqun Wang, Lei Li
    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.140, No.1, pp. 793-819, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2024.048174
    （This article belongs to the Special Issue: Structural Design and Optimization)
    Abstract To enhance the comprehensive performance of artillery internal ballistics—encompassing power, accuracy, and service life—this study proposed a multi-stage multidisciplinary design optimization (MS-MDO) method. First, the comprehensive artillery internal ballistic dynamics (AIBD) model, based on propellant combustion, rotation band engraving, projectile axial motion, and rifling wear models, was established and validated. This model was systematically decomposed into subsystems from a system engineering perspective. The study then detailed the MS-MDO methodology, which included Stage I (MDO stage) employing an improved collaborative optimization method for consistent design variables, and Stage II (Performance Optimization) focusing on the independent optimization More >

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    276

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Probabilistic-Ellipsoid Hybrid Reliability Multi-Material Topology Optimization Method Based on Stress Constraint

    Zibin Mao, Qinghai Zhao, Liang Zhang
    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.140, No.1, pp. 757-792, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2024.048016
    （This article belongs to the Special Issue: Structural Design and Optimization)
    Abstract This paper proposes a multi-material topology optimization method based on the hybrid reliability of the probability-ellipsoid model with stress constraint for the stochastic uncertainty and epistemic uncertainty of mechanical loads in optimization design. The probabilistic model is combined with the ellipsoidal model to describe the uncertainty of mechanical loads. The topology optimization formula is combined with the ordered solid isotropic material with penalization (ordered-SIMP) multi-material interpolation model. The stresses of all elements are integrated into a global stress measurement that approximates the maximum stress using the normalized p-norm function. Furthermore, the sequential optimization and reliability assessment… More >

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    265

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Random Fusion of Mix3D and PolarMix to Improve Semantic Segmentation Performance in 3D Lidar Point Cloud

    Bo Liu, Li Feng, Yufeng Chen
    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.140, No.1, pp. 845-862, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2024.047695
    （This article belongs to the Special Issue: Structural Design and Optimization)
    Abstract This paper focuses on the effective utilization of data augmentation techniques for 3D lidar point clouds to enhance the performance of neural network models. These point clouds, which represent spatial information through a collection of 3D coordinates, have found wide-ranging applications. Data augmentation has emerged as a potent solution to the challenges posed by limited labeled data and the need to enhance model generalization capabilities. Much of the existing research is devoted to crafting novel data augmentation methods specifically for 3D lidar point clouds. However, there has been a lack of focus on making the… More >

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    385

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    286

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Multi-Objective Optimization of Aluminum Alloy Electric Bus Frame Connectors for Enhanced Durability

    Wenjun Zhou, Mingzhi Yang, Qian Peng, Yong Peng, Kui Wang, Qiang Xiao
    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.140, No.1, pp. 735-755, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2024.047258
    （This article belongs to the Special Issue: Structural Design and Optimization)
    Abstract The widespread adoption of aluminum alloy electric buses, known for their energy efficiency and eco-friendliness, faces a challenge due to the aluminum frame’s susceptibility to deformation compared to steel. This issue is further exacerbated by the stringent requirements imposed by the flammability and explosiveness of batteries, necessitating robust frame protection. Our study aims to optimize the connectors of aluminum alloy bus frames, emphasizing durability, energy efficiency, and safety. This research delves into Multi-Objective Coordinated Optimization (MCO) techniques for lightweight design in aluminum alloy bus body connectors. Our goal is to enhance lightweighting, reinforce energy absorption,… More >

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    315

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    260

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Buckling Optimization of Curved Grid Stiffeners through the Level Set Based Density Method

    Zhuo Huang, Ye Tian, Yifan Zhang, Tielin Shi, Qi Xia
    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.140, No.1, pp. 711-733, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2024.045411
    （This article belongs to the Special Issue: Structural Design and Optimization)
    Abstract Stiffened structures have great potential for improving mechanical performance, and the study of their stability is of great interest. In this paper, the optimization of the critical buckling load factor for curved grid stiffeners is solved by using the level set based density method, where the shape and cross section (including thickness and width) of the stiffeners can be optimized simultaneously. The grid stiffeners are a combination of many single stiffeners which are projected by the corresponding level set functions. The thickness and width of each stiffener are designed to be independent variables in the More >

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    692

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    304

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Deep Learning Approach to Shape Optimization Problems for Flexoelectric Materials Using the Isogeometric Finite Element Method

    Yu Cheng, Yajun Huang, Shuai Li, Zhongbin Zhou, Xiaohui Yuan, Yanming Xu
    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.139, No.2, pp. 1935-1960, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.045668
    （This article belongs to the Special Issue: Structural Design and Optimization)
    Abstract A new approach for flexoelectric material shape optimization is proposed in this study. In this work, a proxy model based on artificial neural network (ANN) is used to solve the parameter optimization and shape optimization problems. To improve the fitting ability of the neural network, we use the idea of pre-training to determine the structure of the neural network and combine different optimizers for training. The isogeometric analysis-finite element method (IGA-FEM) is used to discretize the flexural theoretical formulas and obtain samples, which helps ANN to build a proxy model from the model shape to More >

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    794

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    333

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Multi-Scale Design and Optimization of Composite Material Structure for Heavy-Duty Truck Protection Device

    Yanhui Zhang, Lianhua Ma, Hailiang Su, Jirong Qin, Zhining Chen, Kaibiao Deng
    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.139, No.2, pp. 1961-1980, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.045570
    （This article belongs to the Special Issue: Structural Design and Optimization)
    Abstract In this paper, to present a lightweight-developed front underrun protection device (FUPD) for heavy-duty trucks, plain weave carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) is used instead of the original high-strength steel. First, the mechanical and structural properties of plain carbon fiber composite anti-collision beams are comparatively analyzed from a multi-scale perspective. For studying the design capability of carbon fiber composite materials, we investigate the effects of TC-33 carbon fiber diameter (D), fiber yarn width (W) and height (H), and fiber yarn density (N) on the front underrun protective beam of carbon fiber composite materials. Based on… More >

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    797

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    360

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    On the Application of Mixed Models of Probability and Convex Set for Time-Variant Reliability Analysis

    Fangyi Li, Dachang Zhu, Huimin Shi
    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.139, No.2, pp. 1981-1999, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.031332
    （This article belongs to the Special Issue: Structural Design and Optimization)
    Abstract In time-variant reliability problems, there are a lot of uncertain variables from different sources. Therefore, it is important to consider these uncertainties in engineering. In addition, time-variant reliability problems typically involve a complex multilevel nested optimization problem, which can result in an enormous amount of computation. To this end, this paper studies the time-variant reliability evaluation of structures with stochastic and bounded uncertainties using a mixed probability and convex set model. In this method, the stochastic process of a limit-state function with mixed uncertain parameters is first discretized and then converted into a time-independent reliability More >

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    625

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    319

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Topology Optimization of Metamaterial Microstructures for Negative Poisson’s Ratio under Large Deformation Using a Gradient-Free Method

    Weida Wu, Yiqiang Wang, Zhonghao Gao, Pai Liu
    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.139, No.2, pp. 2001-2026, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.046670
    （This article belongs to the Special Issue: Structural Design and Optimization)
    Abstract Negative Poisson’s ratio (NPR) metamaterials are attractive for their unique mechanical behaviors and potential applications in deformation control and energy absorption. However, when subjected to significant stretching, NPR metamaterials designed under small strain assumption may experience a rapid degradation in NPR performance. To address this issue, this study aims to design metamaterials maintaining a targeted NPR under large deformation by taking advantage of the geometry nonlinearity mechanism. A representative periodic unit cell is modeled considering geometry nonlinearity, and its topology is designed using a gradient-free method. The unit cell microstructural topologies are described with the… More >

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    1030

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    415

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Optimization of Center of Gravity Position and Anti-Wave Plate Angle of Amphibious Unmanned Vehicle Based on Orthogonal Experimental Method

    Deyong Shang, Xi Zhang, Fengqi Liang, Chunde Zhai, Hang Yang, Yanqi Niu
    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.139, No.2, pp. 2027-2041, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.045750
    （This article belongs to the Special Issue: Structural Design and Optimization)
    Abstract When the amphibious vehicle navigates in water, the angle of the anti-wave plate and the position of the center of gravity greatly influence the navigation characteristics. In the relevant research on reducing the navigation resistance of amphibious vehicles by adjusting the angle of the anti-wave plate, there is a lack of scientific selection of parameters and reasonable research of simulation results by using mathematical methods, and the influence of the center of gravity position on navigation characteristics is not considered at the same time. To study the influence of the combinations of the angle of… More >

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    672

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    311

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    An Overview of Sequential Approximation in Topology Optimization of Continuum Structure

    Kai Long, Ayesha Saeed, Jinhua Zhang, Yara Diaeldin, Feiyu Lu, Tao Tao, Yuhua Li, Pengwen Sun, Jinshun Yan
    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.139, No.1, pp. 43-67, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.031538
    （This article belongs to the Special Issue: Structural Design and Optimization)
    Abstract This paper offers an extensive overview of the utilization of sequential approximate optimization approaches in the context of numerically simulated large-scale continuum structures. These structures, commonly encountered in engineering applications, often involve complex objective and constraint functions that cannot be readily expressed as explicit functions of the design variables. As a result, sequential approximation techniques have emerged as the preferred strategy for addressing a wide array of topology optimization challenges. Over the past several decades, topology optimization methods have been advanced remarkably and successfully applied to solve engineering problems incorporating diverse physical backgrounds. In comparison… More >

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    2366

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    700

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Application of Isogeometric Analysis Method in Three-Dimensional Gear Contact Analysis

    Long Chen, Yan Yu, Yanpeng Shang, Zhonghou Wang, Jing Zhang
    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.139, No.1, pp. 817-846, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.031595
    （This article belongs to the Special Issue: Structural Design and Optimization)
    Abstract Gears are pivotal in mechanical drives, and gear contact analysis is a typically difficult problem to solve. Emerging isogeometric analysis (IGA) methods have developed new ideas to solve this problem. In this paper, a three-dimensional body parametric gear model of IGA is established, and a theoretical formula is derived to realize single-tooth contact analysis. Results were benchmarked against those obtained from commercial software utilizing the finite element analysis (FEA) method to validate the accuracy of our approach. Our findings indicate that the IGA-based contact algorithm successfully met the Hertz contact test. When juxtaposed with the More >

    Graphic Abstract

    Application of Isogeometric Analysis Method in Three-Dimensional Gear Contact Analysis

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    383

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Subdivision-Based Combined Shape and Topology Optimization in Acoustics

    Chuang Lu, Leilei Chen, Jinling Luo, Haibo Chen
    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.139, No.1, pp. 847-872, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.044446
    （This article belongs to the Special Issue: Structural Design and Optimization)
    Abstract We propose a combined shape and topology optimization approach in this research for 3D acoustics by using the isogeometric boundary element method with subdivision surfaces. The existing structural optimization methods mainly contain shape and topology schemes, with the former changing the surface geometric profile of the structure and the latter changing the material distribution topology or hole topology of the structure. In the present acoustic performance optimization, the coordinates of the control points in the subdivision surfaces fine mesh are selected as the shape design parameters of the structure, the artificial density of the sound… More >

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    458

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    288

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Web Layout Design of Large Cavity Structures Based on Topology Optimization

    Xiaoqiao Yang, Jialiang Sun, Dongping Jin
    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.138, No.3, pp. 2665-2689, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.031482
    （This article belongs to the Special Issue: Structural Design and Optimization)
    Abstract Large cavity structures are widely employed in aerospace engineering, such as thin-walled cylinders, blades and wings. Enhancing performance of aerial vehicles while reducing manufacturing costs and fuel consumption has become a focal point for contemporary researchers. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the topology optimization of large cavity structures as a means to enhance their performance, safety, and efficiency. By using the variable density method, lightweight design is achieved without compromising structural strength. The optimization model considers both concentrated and distributed loads, and utilizes techniques like sensitivity filtering and projection to obtain a robust optimized More >

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    1162

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    480

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    ARTICLE

    Experimental and Numerical Investigation on High-Pressure Centrifugal Pumps: Ultimate Pressure Formulation, Fatigue Life Assessment and Topological Optimization of Discharge Section

    Abdourahamane Salifou Adam, Hatem Mrad, Haykel Marouani, Yasser Fouad
    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.137, No.3, pp. 2845-2865, 2023, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.030777
    （This article belongs to the Special Issue: Structural Design and Optimization)
    Abstract A high percentage of failure in pump elements originates from fatigue. This study focuses on the discharge section behavior, made of ductile iron, under dynamic load. An experimental protocol is established to collect the strain under pressurization and depressurization tests at specific locations. These experimental results are used to formulate the ultimate pressure expression function of the strain and the lateral surface of the discharge section and to validate finite element modeling. Fe-Safe is then used to assess the fatigue life cycle using different types of fatigue criteria (Coffin-Manson, Morrow, Goodman, and Soderberg). When the… More >

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