Control Structures and Algorithms for Force Feedback Bilateral Teleoperation Systems: A Comprehensive Review

Jiawei Tian¹, Yu Zhou¹, Lirong Yin^2,*, Salman A. AlQahtani³, Minyi Tang⁴, Siyu Lu⁴, Ruiyang Wang⁴, Wenfeng Zheng^3,4,*
1 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Major in Bio Artificial Intelligence, Hanyang University, Ansan-si, 15577, Republic of Korea
2 Department of Geography and Anthropology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
3 Department of Computer Engineering, College of Computer and Information Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11574, Saudi Arabia
4 School of Automation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
* Corresponding Author: Lirong Yin. Email: email ; Wenfeng Zheng. Email: email

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences https://doi.org/10.32604/cmes.2024.057261

Received 13 October 2024; Accepted 11 November 2024; Published online 09 December 2024

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Abstract

Force feedback bilateral teleoperation represents a pivotal advancement in control technology, finding widespread application in hazardous material transportation, perilous environments, space and deep-sea exploration, and healthcare domains. This paper traces the evolutionary trajectory of force feedback bilateral teleoperation from its conceptual inception to its current complexity. It elucidates the fundamental principles underpinning interaction forces and tactile exchanges, with a specific emphasis on the crucial role of tactile devices. In this review, a quantitative analysis of force feedback bilateral teleoperation development trends from 2011 to 2024 has been conducted, utilizing published journal article data as the primary source of information. The review accentuates classical control frameworks and algorithms, while also delving into existing research advancements and prospective breakthrough directions. Moreover, it explores specific practical scenarios ranging from intricate surgeries to hazardous environment exploration, underscoring the technology’s potential to revolutionize industries by augmenting human manipulation of remote systems. This underscores the pivotal role of force feedback bilateral teleoperation as a transformative human-machine interface, capable of shaping flexible control strategies and addressing technological bottlenecks. Future research endeavors in force feedback bilateral teleoperation are expected to prioritize the creation of more immersive experiences, overcoming technical hurdles, fortifying human-machine collaboration, and broadening application domains, particularly within the realms of medical intervention and hazardous environments. With the continuous progression of technology, the integration of human intelligence and robotic capabilities is expected to produce more innovations and breakthroughs in the field of automatic control.