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Computers, Materials & Continua
ARTICLE

Semi-Supervised Segmentation Framework for Quantitative Analysis of Material Microstructure Images

Quantitative analysis of aluminum-silicon (Al-Si) alloy microstructure is crucial for evaluating and controlling alloy performance. Conventional analysis...

Computers, Materials & Continua
REVIEW

Recent Advances in Deep-Learning Side-Channel Attacks on AES Implementations

Internet of Things (IoTs) devices are bringing about a revolutionary change our society by enabling connectivity regardless of time and location. However,...

Computers, Materials & Continua
ARTICLE

Simulation Analysis of the Extrusion Process for Complex Cross-Sectional Profiles of Ultra-High Strength Aluminum Alloy

Ultra-high-strength aluminum alloy profile is an ideal choice for aerospace structural materials due to its excellent specific strength and corrosion...

Computers, Materials & Continua
REVIEW

A State-of-the-Art Survey of Adversarial Reinforcement Learning for IoT Intrusion Detection

Adversarial Reinforcement Learning (ARL) models for intelligent devices and Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS) improve system resilience against...

Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing
ARTICLE

Tesla-Valve-Based Wind Barriers for Energy Dissipation and Aerodynamic Load Reduction on Trains

Predicting the precise impacts of climate change on extreme winds remains challenging, yet strong storms are widely expected to occur more frequently...

Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing
REVIEW

Hypersonic Flow over V-Shaped Leading Edges: A Review of Shock Interactions and Aerodynamic Loads

For hypersonic air-breathing vehicles, the V-shaped leading edges (VSLEs) of supersonic combustion ramjet (scramjet) inlets experience complex shock interactions...

International Journal of Mental Health...
REVIEW

Mental Health and Well-Being of Doctoral Students: A Systematic Review

Background: Mental health concerns among doctoral students have become increasingly prominent, with consistently low levels of well-being making this...

International Journal of Mental Health...
ARTICLE

Parental Phubbing and Parenting Styles’ Effect on Adolescent Bullying Involvement Depending on Their Attachments to Significant Adults

Background: Bullying is a current social and educational problem with detrimental consequences in adolescence and later life stages. Previous research...

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences
ARTICLE

Inverse Design of Composite Materials Based on Latent Space and Bayesian Optimization

Inverse design of advanced materials represents a pivotal challenge in materials science. Leveraging the latent space of Variational Autoencoders (VAEs)...

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences
REVIEW

Learning from Scarcity: A Review of Deep Learning Strategies for Cold-Start Energy Time-Series Forecasting

Predicting the behavior of renewable energy systems requires models capable of generating accurate forecasts from limited historical data, a challenge...

Energy Engineering
ARTICLE

An Electricity-Carbon Synergy-Driven Optimization Method for Low-Carbon Operation of Multi-Energy Parks

In the pursuit of carbon peaking and neutrality goals, multi-energy parks, as major energy consumers and carbon emitters, urgently require low-carbon...

Energy Engineering
ARTICLE

Performance Evaluation of the Hybrid Heat Pump to Decarbonize the Buildings Sector: Energetic, Environmental and Economic Characterization

Decarbonising the building sector, particularly residential heating, represents a critical challenge for achieving carbon-neutral energy systems. Efficient...

BIOCELL
REVIEW

Role of NETosis in the Pathogenesis of Respiratory Diseases: Molecular Mechanisms and Emerging Insights

Neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation or NETosis is a specialized innate immune process in which neutrophils release chromatin fibers decorated...

BIOCELL
REVIEW

The Yin–Yang of Stress and Senescence: Integrated Stress Response and SASP Crosstalk in Stem Cell Fate, Regeneration, and Disease

Stem cell fate decisions are increasingly understood through the dynamic interplay of two fundamental stress-adaptive programs: the integrated stress...

Oncology Research
REVIEW

The Frontier of Melanoma Treatment: Defeating Immunotherapy Resistance—A Systematic Review

Objectives: Immunotherapy based on immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has become a key treatment for melanoma. However, the increasing number of cases of...

Oncology Research
ARTICLE

An In Vitro Investigation of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Mediated Photodynamic Therapy in Bone Sarcoma

Background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) may eradicate residual malignant cells following sarcoma resection, through reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated...

BIOCELL
Special Issue

Epigenetic and ncRNA Biomarkers in Cancer: Diagnostic and Prognostic Value

Cancer remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and its onset and progression are closely linked to dysregulated epigenetic...

Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing
Special Issue

Fluid and Thermal Dynamics in the Development of Unconventional Resources III

Further advancements in the exploitation of unconventional resources, such as tight gas, shale gas, shale oil, coalbed methane, and natural gas hydrate,...

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences
Special Issue

Machine Learning and Deep Learning-Based Pattern Recognition

In today’s digital era, patterns are omnipresent, shaping many aspects of our lives. These patterns can be physically observed or computationally identified...

Revue Internationale de Géomatique
Special Issue

Advancements in Geospatial Methods and Technologies for Sustainable Built Environment and Engineering

This theme captures the essence of advanced technologies (AI, machine learning, big data), modern applications (climate change, smart cities, health research),...

Oncology Research
Special Issue

Transcriptome Analysis in Tumor Microenvironment and Tumor Heterogeneity

The tumor microenvironment encompasses not only the tumor cells themselves, but also the surrounding fibroblasts, immunological and inflammatory cells,...

BIOCELL
Special Issue

The Role of γδ T Cells and iNKT Cells in Cancer: Unraveling Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential

This special issue seeks original research and review articles on the roles of γδ T cells and invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells in malignancies....

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences
Special Issue

Cutting-Edge Security and Privacy Solutions for Next-Generation Intelligent Mobile Internet Technologies and Applications

The mobile internet has revolutionized our daily lives, providing continuous connectivity, communication, and access to a wide range of services and applications...

Computers, Materials & Continua
Special Issue

Machine Vision Detection and Intelligent Recognition

Machine vision detection and intelligent recognition are important research areas in computer vision with wide-ranging applications in manufacturing,...

Computers, Materials & Continua
ARTICLE

Semi-Supervised Segmentation Framework for Quantitative Analysis of Material Microstructure Images

Quantitative analysis of aluminum-silicon (Al-Si) alloy microstructure is crucial for evaluating and controlling alloy performance. Conventional analysis...

Computers, Materials & Continua
REVIEW

Recent Advances in Deep-Learning Side-Channel Attacks on AES Implementations

Internet of Things (IoTs) devices are bringing about a revolutionary change our society by enabling connectivity regardless of time and location. However,...

Computers, Materials & Continua
ARTICLE

Simulation Analysis of the Extrusion Process for Complex Cross-Sectional Profiles of Ultra-High Strength Aluminum Alloy

Ultra-high-strength aluminum alloy profile is an ideal choice for aerospace structural materials due to its excellent specific strength and corrosion...

Computers, Materials & Continua
REVIEW

A State-of-the-Art Survey of Adversarial Reinforcement Learning for IoT Intrusion Detection

Adversarial Reinforcement Learning (ARL) models for intelligent devices and Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS) improve system resilience against...

Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing
ARTICLE

Tesla-Valve-Based Wind Barriers for Energy Dissipation and Aerodynamic Load Reduction on Trains

Predicting the precise impacts of climate change on extreme winds remains challenging, yet strong storms are widely expected to occur more frequently...

Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing
REVIEW

Hypersonic Flow over V-Shaped Leading Edges: A Review of Shock Interactions and Aerodynamic Loads

For hypersonic air-breathing vehicles, the V-shaped leading edges (VSLEs) of supersonic combustion ramjet (scramjet) inlets experience complex shock interactions...

International Journal of Mental Health...
REVIEW

Mental Health and Well-Being of Doctoral Students: A Systematic Review

Background: Mental health concerns among doctoral students have become increasingly prominent, with consistently low levels of well-being making this...

International Journal of Mental Health...
ARTICLE

Parental Phubbing and Parenting Styles’ Effect on Adolescent Bullying Involvement Depending on Their Attachments to Significant Adults

Background: Bullying is a current social and educational problem with detrimental consequences in adolescence and later life stages. Previous research...

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences
ARTICLE

Inverse Design of Composite Materials Based on Latent Space and Bayesian Optimization

Inverse design of advanced materials represents a pivotal challenge in materials science. Leveraging the latent space of Variational Autoencoders (VAEs)...

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences
REVIEW

Learning from Scarcity: A Review of Deep Learning Strategies for Cold-Start Energy Time-Series Forecasting

Predicting the behavior of renewable energy systems requires models capable of generating accurate forecasts from limited historical data, a challenge...

Energy Engineering
ARTICLE

An Electricity-Carbon Synergy-Driven Optimization Method for Low-Carbon Operation of Multi-Energy Parks

In the pursuit of carbon peaking and neutrality goals, multi-energy parks, as major energy consumers and carbon emitters, urgently require low-carbon...

Energy Engineering
ARTICLE

Performance Evaluation of the Hybrid Heat Pump to Decarbonize the Buildings Sector: Energetic, Environmental and Economic Characterization

Decarbonising the building sector, particularly residential heating, represents a critical challenge for achieving carbon-neutral energy systems. Efficient...

BIOCELL
REVIEW

Role of NETosis in the Pathogenesis of Respiratory Diseases: Molecular Mechanisms and Emerging Insights

Neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation or NETosis is a specialized innate immune process in which neutrophils release chromatin fibers decorated...

BIOCELL
REVIEW

The Yin–Yang of Stress and Senescence: Integrated Stress Response and SASP Crosstalk in Stem Cell Fate, Regeneration, and Disease

Stem cell fate decisions are increasingly understood through the dynamic interplay of two fundamental stress-adaptive programs: the integrated stress...

Oncology Research
REVIEW

The Frontier of Melanoma Treatment: Defeating Immunotherapy Resistance—A Systematic Review

Objectives: Immunotherapy based on immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has become a key treatment for melanoma. However, the increasing number of cases of...

Oncology Research
ARTICLE

An In Vitro Investigation of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Mediated Photodynamic Therapy in Bone Sarcoma

Background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) may eradicate residual malignant cells following sarcoma resection, through reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated...

BIOCELL
Special Issue

Epigenetic and ncRNA Biomarkers in Cancer: Diagnostic and Prognostic Value

Cancer remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and its onset and progression are closely linked to dysregulated epigenetic...

Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing
Special Issue

Fluid and Thermal Dynamics in the Development of Unconventional Resources III

Further advancements in the exploitation of unconventional resources, such as tight gas, shale gas, shale oil, coalbed methane, and natural gas hydrate,...

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences
Special Issue

Machine Learning and Deep Learning-Based Pattern Recognition

In today’s digital era, patterns are omnipresent, shaping many aspects of our lives. These patterns can be physically observed or computationally identified...

Revue Internationale de Géomatique
Special Issue

Advancements in Geospatial Methods and Technologies for Sustainable Built Environment and Engineering

This theme captures the essence of advanced technologies (AI, machine learning, big data), modern applications (climate change, smart cities, health research),...

Oncology Research
Special Issue

Transcriptome Analysis in Tumor Microenvironment and Tumor Heterogeneity

The tumor microenvironment encompasses not only the tumor cells themselves, but also the surrounding fibroblasts, immunological and inflammatory cells,...

BIOCELL
Special Issue

The Role of γδ T Cells and iNKT Cells in Cancer: Unraveling Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential

This special issue seeks original research and review articles on the roles of γδ T cells and invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells in malignancies....

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences
Special Issue

Cutting-Edge Security and Privacy Solutions for Next-Generation Intelligent Mobile Internet Technologies and Applications

The mobile internet has revolutionized our daily lives, providing continuous connectivity, communication, and access to a wide range of services and applications...

Computers, Materials & Continua
Special Issue

Machine Vision Detection and Intelligent Recognition

Machine vision detection and intelligent recognition are important research areas in computer vision with wide-ranging applications in manufacturing,...

Fine Tuned QA Models for Java Programming

As education continues to evolve alongside artificial intelligence, there is growing interest in how large language models (LLMs) can support more personalized and intelligent learning experiences. This study focuses on building a domain-specific question answering (QA) system tailored to computer science education, with a particular emphasis on Java programming. While transformer-based models such as BERT, RoBERTa, and DistilBERT have demonstrated strong performance on general-purpose datasets like SQuAD, they often struggle with technical educational content where…

Journal on Artificial Intelligence
Article

A Novel Math-Inspired Metaheuristic Algorithm for Retinal Vessel Segmentation: Quadratic Interpolation Optimization (QIO) Algorithm

Math-inspired metaheuristic algorithms stand out with their simple algorithm structures and the inclusion of fewer control parameters. In this study, the recently proposed math-inspired Quadratic Interpolation Optimization (QIO) algorithm was improved as a clustering-based algorithm and then applied to retinal vessel segmentation. Afterwards, its performance was compared with the math-inspired Sine Cosine Algorithm (SCA) and Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm (AOA), which have been frequently applied to engineering problems. First, the performance of the QIO algorithm was…

Journal on Artificial Intelligence
Article

Machine Learning Model Development for Classification of Audio Commands

This paper presents a comprehensive investigation into the development and evaluation of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models for limited-vocabulary spoken word classification, a fundamental component of many voice-controlled systems. Two distinct CNN architectures are examined: a timeseries 1D CNN that operates directly on the temporal waveform samples of the audio signal, and a 2D CNN that leverages the richer time–frequency representation provided by spectrograms. The study systematically analyzes the influence of key architectural and training…

European Cytokine Network
article

Association between interleukin-6 promoter polymorphisms and osteoporosis in javanese postmenopausal women

Background: The expression of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene promoter and its variations in postmenopausal women of Javanese ethnicity remains unexplored. This study aimed to examine IL-6 promoter polymorphisms at positions -174G/C, -572G/C, -597A/G, and -634C/G and their associations to osteoporosis status in Javanese postmenopausal women. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at an elderly integrated service post in Sidoarjo, Indonesia. Among 699 screened individuals, 66 postmenopausal women fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Bone mineral…

European Cytokine Network
article

Study of interferon-stimulated gene 15 expression in the medulloblastoma context

Background: Interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) is a small ubiquitin-like protein that can be conjugated to its target proteins through an enzymatic cascade known as ISGylation, thereby altering their function. Elevated levels of free ISG15 (non-conjugated) and ISGylation are observed in several cancer types, including medulloblastoma (MB) a malignant pediatric cerebellar tumor categorized into four molecular subgroups: Wingless, Sonic Hedgehog, Subgroup 3 (G3), and Subgroup 4 (G4). However, ISG15 gene expression in MB remains unexplored. In…

European Cytokine Network
article

Astilbin ameliorates propranolol-induced psoriasis-like lesions through restoring Th17/Treg immune homeostasis in lymph nodes

Background: Psoriasis is a challenging immune-mediated dermatological disorder with an urgent need for effective clinical therapeutics, while astilbin has shown considerable efficacy in suppressing psoriasis progression, its underlying mechanisms are not fully clarified. This study aimed to systematically investigate the anti-psoriatic effects of astilbin and to elucidate its potential mechanisms of action. Methods: A psoriasis-like mouse model was established via cold water swimming, dietary restriction, and topical application of 5% propranolol emulsion, followed by daily…

European Cytokine Network
article

Identification of proteases associated with glioblastoma and their modulation by interferon-gamma signaling

Background: Glioblastoma is a lethal primary brain tumor that is therapeutically challenging due to its rapid progression. Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) signaling is altered in glioblastoma. Moreover, proteolytic enzymes, known as proteases, have been linked to the invasive growth of cancerous cells. In this study, we aimed to identify a glioblastoma-associated protease group and to determine its potential connection with IFN-γ signaling. Methods: Using cancer expression databases, we analyzed the differential expression of 35 proteases in glioblastoma…

European Cytokine Network
review

Igniting the Tumor: Targeting Mitochondrial Stress to Prime Breast Cancer for Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy has demonstrated limited efficacy in immunologically “cold” breast cancers characterized by absent T-cell infiltration and inadequate interferon signaling. The purpose of this work is to propose and articulate a mechanistic and therapeutic framework in which mitochondrial stress is deliberately harnessed to convert immunologically “cold” breast tumors into “hot,” T cell–inflamed, immunotherapy-responsive lesions. This review synthesizes emerging evidence positioning mitochondrial stress as a strategic lever to transform these immune-excluded tumors into inflamed, therapy-responsive lesions. We…

Congenital Heart Disease
Article

Right Axillary Thoracotomy for Anomalous Aortic Origin of a Coronary Artery in Children

Background: There has been an increasing number of studies documenting the application of the right axillary thoracotomy (RAT) approach for the repair of congenital heart diseases. However, no research has reported the RAT approach in repairing the anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery (AAOCA). This study aims to investigate the feasibility and safety of the RAT approach for repairing AAOCA in children. Methods: We performed a retrospective study at the Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical…

Congenital Heart Disease
Article

Post-Norwood Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation—The Complex Interplay of Cardiopulmonary Bypass and Myocardial Ischemic Time

Objective: The objective of this study was to understand intraoperative risk factors for post-Norwood extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS). Methods: We conducted a retrospective, single-institution review of all patients with HLHS who underwent a Norwood procedure (nadir cardiopulmonary bypass temperature ≤ 22°C) over a 12-year period with quantitative and qualitative analysis. Results: Of 102 Norwood patients, 14 (13.7%) required ECMO. ECMO patients had longer median cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) times (276…

Congenital Heart Disease
Review

The Value of Four-Dimensional Ultrasound in Diagnosing Fetal Congenital Heart Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background: Four-dimensional (4D) ultrasound is increasingly being used for prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease (CHD). We aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate its diagnostic accuracy for fetal CHD. Methods: This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA-DTA guidelines. We systematically searched eight databases for studies published up to July 22, 2025. Data were extracted to calculate diagnostic accuracy metrics, study quality was assessed using QUADAS-2, and a bivariate random-effects…

Congenital Heart Disease
Article

Pulmonary Valve Preservation without Right Ventriculotomy in Biventricular Repair of Atrioventricular Septal Defect with Tetralogy of Fallot or Double-Outlet Right Ventricle

Background: We evaluated surgical outcomes of biventricular repair for atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD) with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) or double-outlet right ventricle (DORV). Methods: This retrospective pilot study included 12 patients who underwent biventricular repair of AVSD with TOF (n = 6) or DORV (n = 6) between 2004 and 2023. Right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) reconstruction was performed using transannular patch (TAP, n = 4) or pulmonary valve preservation (PVP, n = 8). Clinical outcomes, including…

Congenital Heart Disease
Review

Collaborating to Improve Outcomes in Congenital Heart Disease: The Pediatric Heart Network Experience

Background: In the 1990s, there were few multicenter research collaborations and pediatric cardiovascular clinical trials. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute at the National Institutes of Health established the Pediatric Heart Network (PHN) in 2001 to stimulate multi-center collaboration and clinical studies in children and adults with congenital heart disease (CHD) and pediatric acquired heart disease. Methods: The PHN developed a flexible infrastructure for multi-center collaborative clinical research in children and adults with CHD and…

Congenital Heart Disease
Case Report

Familial Uhl’s Anomaly: A Congenital Heart Disease Case Report

Uhl’s anomaly is an exceedingly rare (fewer than 1 in 1,000,000 live births) and often fatal congenital heart disease characterized by the near-complete absence of the right ventricular (RV) myocardium. Although typically considered sporadic, we report a familial case suggesting an inherited etiology. A 12-year-old boy presented with exertional chest pain and a decade-long history of an abnormal cardiac silhouette. Comprehensive imaging revealed apical RV wall thinning, aneurysmal bulging with trabeculations, and severely impaired RV…

Congenital Heart Disease
Article

Association Between Blood Biomarkers and Hemodynamic Parameters in Adolescents and Adults After the Fontan Procedure: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Background: An increasing number of patients with Fontan circulation are reaching adulthood; however, long-term outcomes remain limited by Fontan failure, which is characterized by elevated central venous pressure (CVP) and reduced cardiac output. Red blood cell distribution width (RDW), a readily available hematological parameter, is a known prognostic marker of heart failure. However, its relationship with invasive hemodynamics in adolescent and adult Fontan patients has not been fully examined. Objectives: To clarify the association between RDW…

Congenital Heart Disease
Article

Predictive Value of Echocardiography Combined with Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing for Functional Status and Adverse Outcomes of Adult Patients with Congenital Heart Disease

Background: We aimed to explore the value of echocardiography plus cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) for predicting the functional status and adverse outcomes of adult patients with congenital heart disease (CHD), and to develop a multivariate prediction model. Methods: Subjects (135 in total) in this single-center prospective cohort study were enrolled from adult patients suffering from CHD treated in this hospital during January 2021 and August 2023. Standardized echocardiography and CPET were conducted on all subjects at…