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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences
ARTICLE

TransCP-Net: Transformer-Based Spatiotemporal Pose Representation for Early Screening of Infant Cerebral Palsy

Cerebral palsy is a prevalent neurodevelopmental syndrome that disrupts motor development in children, making early detection vital for effective intervention....

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences
ARTICLE

LANET: A Deep Lightweight Attention Network for Skin Cancer Segmentation

Current automated lesion segmentation methods have limited success, particularly for segmenting small, irregular, or heterogeneous lesions. Moreover,...

Energy Engineering
ARTICLE

Dynamic Energy Management in a Hybrid Microgrid Integrating PV, Wind, Fuel Cell and EV Battery Using Fuzzy Logic Control

This paper presents a dynamic energy management strategy for a community-scale campus hybrid microgrid integrating photovoltaic (PV) generation, aggregated...

Energy Engineering
ARTICLE

Towards Resilient Cities: Robust Selection of Rooftop Renewable Energy Technologies in Mediterranean Multifamily Buildings

This study investigates the problem of prioritizing rooftop renewable energy (RE) system configurations for a multi-family residential building in Mediterranean...

Energy Engineering
ARTICLE

A Fast Calculation Method for Dynamic Carbon Emission Factors Based on ILU Decomposition and BiCGSTABs

This paper addresses the challenge of efficiently calculating dynamic carbon emission factors (CEFs) in large-scale power systems. Traditional methods...

Oncology Research
REVIEW

CHK1 as a Metabolic and Immunological Regulator: Implications for Cancer Therapy

Checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1), a key regulator of cell cycle checkpoints, plays a central role in the DNA damage response network, serving as a critical...

Oncology Research
REVIEW

Neurotransmitter-Mediated Signaling in Glioblastoma and Glial Tumors: Biology and Therapeutic Opportunities

Glioblastoma (GB) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor of adulthood, and despite optimal safe resection and chemoradiation, it is still lethal....

Oncology Research
REVIEW

Exploring Novel E3 Ligases and Neosubstrates for Molecular Glue Degraders and Therapeutic Applications in Cancer

Molecular glue degraders (MGDs) are an emerging class of small molecules that promote selective protein degradation by inducing neomorphic interactions...

Computers, Materials & Continua
REVIEW

A Challenge-Driven Survey on UAV-Based Target Tracking

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) target tracking is one of the key technologies in aerial intelligent perception systems, playing a vital role in applications...

Computers, Materials & Continua
ARTICLE

HERO (Hessian-Engineered Relaxation Optimizer): Suppressing “Hessian Pollution” for Accelerated First-Principles Structural Relaxation

Structural optimization is a fundamental step in density functional theory (DFT) calculations, typically driven by the Broyden–Fletcher–Goldfarb–Shanno...

Computers, Materials & Continua
ARTICLE

A Large-Scale Dataset for Real-Time Vehicle Detection in Vietnamese Urban Traffic Scenes

Reliable vehicle detection in urban traffic environments remains challenging, particularly for fixed-view CCTV systems deployed in Southeast Asian cities,...

Computers, Materials & Continua
REVIEW

Graph and Transformer-Based Deep Learning Paradigms for DDoS Detection: A Systematic and Critical Survey

With the rapid expansion of networked systems, Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attacks have become a major threat to Internet security and service...

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences
ARTICLE

DA-T3D: Distribution-Aware Cross-Modal Distillation Framework for Temporal 3D Object Detection

Knowledge distillation bridges the performance gap between camera-based and LiDAR-based 3D detectors by leveraging the precise geometric information from...

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences
REVIEW

A Review of Genetic Algorithms: Principles, Procedures, and Applications in Optimization

This paper provides a thorough examination of Genetic Algorithms (GAs), a category of evolutionary computation methods derived from the concepts of natural...

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences
REVIEW

A Review on Emerging Unified Information–Physics Frameworks for Structural Design: Toward Topology Optimization Informatics

Topology optimization (TO) has become a core computational paradigm for structural design by defining optimality through physics-based objectives and...

Energy Engineering
ARTICLE

Data-Driven and Physics-Informed Surrogate Modeling for Heat Conduction in the Pressurizer Wall of Pressurized Water Reactors under Severe Accident Scenarios

Real-time prediction of temperature distribution in the pressurizer walls of Pressurized Water Reactors (PWRs) during severe accidents, such as Station...

Oncology Research
Special Issue

Advances in the Discovery and Development of Novel Anticancer Compounds

The rapid evolution of chemical biology, medicinal chemistry, and molecular pharmacology continues to drive the discovery of innovative anticancer compounds...

Oncology Research
Special Issue

Epigenetics and Epitranscriptomics in Cancer Biology and Therapy

Cancer development and therapeutic response are governed not only by genetic alterations but also by dynamic regulatory mechanisms at the epigenetic and...

Energy Engineering
Special Issue

Model-based and Learning Methods for Optimization and Management of Energy Flows in Decentralized Smart Grids

The transition toward decentralized smart grids is reshaping the way energy is generated, exchanged, controlled, and consumed. The increasing penetration...

BIOCELL
Special Issue

Epigenetic and ncRNA Biomarkers in Cancer: Diagnostic and Prognostic Value

Cancer remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and its onset and progression are closely linked to dysregulated epigenetic...

Journal of Polymer Materials
Special Issue

Innovative Smart Polymeric Materials for Sustainable Energy Solutions: Bridging Advances in Energy and Biomedical Applications

We propose a special issue titled "Innovative Smart Polymeric Materials for Sustainable Energy Solutions: Bridging Advances in Energy and Biomedical...

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences
Special Issue

Machine learning and Blockchain for AIoT: Robustness, Privacy, Trust and Security

Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) is considered a collaborative application of artificial intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT). The...

Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing
Special Issue

Fluid and Thermal Dynamics in the Development of Unconventional Resources III

Further advancements in the exploitation of unconventional resources, such as tight gas, shale gas, shale oil, coalbed methane, and natural gas hydrate,...

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences
Special Issue

Machine Learning and Deep Learning-Based Pattern Recognition

In today’s digital era, patterns are omnipresent, shaping many aspects of our lives. These patterns can be physically observed or computationally identified...

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences
ARTICLE

TransCP-Net: Transformer-Based Spatiotemporal Pose Representation for Early Screening of Infant Cerebral Palsy

Cerebral palsy is a prevalent neurodevelopmental syndrome that disrupts motor development in children, making early detection vital for effective intervention....

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences
ARTICLE

LANET: A Deep Lightweight Attention Network for Skin Cancer Segmentation

Current automated lesion segmentation methods have limited success, particularly for segmenting small, irregular, or heterogeneous lesions. Moreover,...

Energy Engineering
ARTICLE

Dynamic Energy Management in a Hybrid Microgrid Integrating PV, Wind, Fuel Cell and EV Battery Using Fuzzy Logic Control

This paper presents a dynamic energy management strategy for a community-scale campus hybrid microgrid integrating photovoltaic (PV) generation, aggregated...

Energy Engineering
ARTICLE

Towards Resilient Cities: Robust Selection of Rooftop Renewable Energy Technologies in Mediterranean Multifamily Buildings

This study investigates the problem of prioritizing rooftop renewable energy (RE) system configurations for a multi-family residential building in Mediterranean...

Energy Engineering
ARTICLE

A Fast Calculation Method for Dynamic Carbon Emission Factors Based on ILU Decomposition and BiCGSTABs

This paper addresses the challenge of efficiently calculating dynamic carbon emission factors (CEFs) in large-scale power systems. Traditional methods...

Oncology Research
REVIEW

CHK1 as a Metabolic and Immunological Regulator: Implications for Cancer Therapy

Checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1), a key regulator of cell cycle checkpoints, plays a central role in the DNA damage response network, serving as a critical...

Oncology Research
REVIEW

Neurotransmitter-Mediated Signaling in Glioblastoma and Glial Tumors: Biology and Therapeutic Opportunities

Glioblastoma (GB) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor of adulthood, and despite optimal safe resection and chemoradiation, it is still lethal....

Oncology Research
REVIEW

Exploring Novel E3 Ligases and Neosubstrates for Molecular Glue Degraders and Therapeutic Applications in Cancer

Molecular glue degraders (MGDs) are an emerging class of small molecules that promote selective protein degradation by inducing neomorphic interactions...

Computers, Materials & Continua
REVIEW

A Challenge-Driven Survey on UAV-Based Target Tracking

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) target tracking is one of the key technologies in aerial intelligent perception systems, playing a vital role in applications...

Computers, Materials & Continua
ARTICLE

HERO (Hessian-Engineered Relaxation Optimizer): Suppressing “Hessian Pollution” for Accelerated First-Principles Structural Relaxation

Structural optimization is a fundamental step in density functional theory (DFT) calculations, typically driven by the Broyden–Fletcher–Goldfarb–Shanno...

Computers, Materials & Continua
ARTICLE

A Large-Scale Dataset for Real-Time Vehicle Detection in Vietnamese Urban Traffic Scenes

Reliable vehicle detection in urban traffic environments remains challenging, particularly for fixed-view CCTV systems deployed in Southeast Asian cities,...

Computers, Materials & Continua
REVIEW

Graph and Transformer-Based Deep Learning Paradigms for DDoS Detection: A Systematic and Critical Survey

With the rapid expansion of networked systems, Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attacks have become a major threat to Internet security and service...

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences
ARTICLE

DA-T3D: Distribution-Aware Cross-Modal Distillation Framework for Temporal 3D Object Detection

Knowledge distillation bridges the performance gap between camera-based and LiDAR-based 3D detectors by leveraging the precise geometric information from...

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences
REVIEW

A Review of Genetic Algorithms: Principles, Procedures, and Applications in Optimization

This paper provides a thorough examination of Genetic Algorithms (GAs), a category of evolutionary computation methods derived from the concepts of natural...

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences
REVIEW

A Review on Emerging Unified Information–Physics Frameworks for Structural Design: Toward Topology Optimization Informatics

Topology optimization (TO) has become a core computational paradigm for structural design by defining optimality through physics-based objectives and...

Energy Engineering
ARTICLE

Data-Driven and Physics-Informed Surrogate Modeling for Heat Conduction in the Pressurizer Wall of Pressurized Water Reactors under Severe Accident Scenarios

Real-time prediction of temperature distribution in the pressurizer walls of Pressurized Water Reactors (PWRs) during severe accidents, such as Station...

Oncology Research
Special Issue

Advances in the Discovery and Development of Novel Anticancer Compounds

The rapid evolution of chemical biology, medicinal chemistry, and molecular pharmacology continues to drive the discovery of innovative anticancer compounds...

Oncology Research
Special Issue

Epigenetics and Epitranscriptomics in Cancer Biology and Therapy

Cancer development and therapeutic response are governed not only by genetic alterations but also by dynamic regulatory mechanisms at the epigenetic and...

Energy Engineering
Special Issue

Model-based and Learning Methods for Optimization and Management of Energy Flows in Decentralized Smart Grids

The transition toward decentralized smart grids is reshaping the way energy is generated, exchanged, controlled, and consumed. The increasing penetration...

BIOCELL
Special Issue

Epigenetic and ncRNA Biomarkers in Cancer: Diagnostic and Prognostic Value

Cancer remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and its onset and progression are closely linked to dysregulated epigenetic...

Journal of Polymer Materials
Special Issue

Innovative Smart Polymeric Materials for Sustainable Energy Solutions: Bridging Advances in Energy and Biomedical Applications

We propose a special issue titled "Innovative Smart Polymeric Materials for Sustainable Energy Solutions: Bridging Advances in Energy and Biomedical...

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences
Special Issue

Machine learning and Blockchain for AIoT: Robustness, Privacy, Trust and Security

Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) is considered a collaborative application of artificial intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT). The...

Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing
Special Issue

Fluid and Thermal Dynamics in the Development of Unconventional Resources III

Further advancements in the exploitation of unconventional resources, such as tight gas, shale gas, shale oil, coalbed methane, and natural gas hydrate,...

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences
Special Issue

Machine Learning and Deep Learning-Based Pattern Recognition

In today’s digital era, patterns are omnipresent, shaping many aspects of our lives. These patterns can be physically observed or computationally identified...

Lycium Barbarum Polysaccharides Upregulate Trx2 in Schwann Cells through ESR1 to Repair Sciatic Nerve Injury in Rats

Objectives: Sciatic nerve injury (SNI) impairs quality of life, and Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP) may exert therapeutic effects via regulating Schwann cell (SC) mitochondrial stability, though the mechanism remains unclear. The study aimed to elucidate the therapeutic mechanisms of LBP in mitigating sciatic nerve injury by protecting Schwann cells via the estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1)/thioredoxin 2 (Trx2) pathway. Methods: An in vitro SNI model was established by inducing RSC96 cells with H₂O₂. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) assay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent…

BIOCELL
Review

Revisiting Vesicle Trafficking in Astrocytes

Astrocytes contribute to central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis by taking up and releasing various transmitters, ions, water, and energy molecules, thereby modulating neuronal function and maintaining the blood-brain barrier. The dynamic delivery, retrieval, and recycling of transporters, channels, receptors, and vesicular cargo at the astrocyte plasma membrane are regulated by the cytoskeleton networks composed of microtubules, actin filaments, and intermediate filaments. Increasing evidence indicates that changes in vesicle trafficking disrupt astrocyte–neuron communication and contribute to

BIOCELL
Article

Overexpression of GluN2B Regulates Neuroinflammation through the BDNF/TrkB Signaling Pathway to Improve Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction

Background: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common neurological complication in elderly patients. However, the mechanism by which glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2B (GluN2B) contributes to POCD development remains incompletely understood. This study aimed to investigate the effects of GluN2B overexpression on POCD improvement and elucidate its underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods: In vitro, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to induce inflammation in mouse primary microglia, and a microglia-HT22 neuron co-culture system was established to simulate the…

BIOCELL
Review

Polyphenols in mtDNA Repair, Mitochondrial Biogenesis, and Mitophagy: An Integrative Review

Mitochondrial dysfunction is a central hallmark of metabolic, hepatic, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases. Dietary polyphenols modulate mitochondrial pathways, but their integrated effects remain poorly appreciated. This narrative review synthesizes preclinical and clinical evidence on four polyphenols (resveratrol, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, quercetin, and oleuropein) and examines their mechanisms in mitochondrial biogenesis, mtDNA protection, and mitophagy. Experimental studies indicate that these compounds activate conserved adaptive pathways, including sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α),…

BIOCELL
Article

12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-Acetate Inhibits TGF-β1-Induced Proliferation and Fibrosis in LX-2 Hepatic Stellate Cells by Regulating both YAP and AKT Activities

Background: Although transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) drives hepatic stellate cell activation and fibrogenesis, the mechanisms by which 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) modulates these processes in TGF-β1-activated hepatic stellate cells remain to be determined. Therefore, we investigated whether TPA alleviates fibrosis in TGF-β1-treated hepatic stellate cells and regulates both canonical and non-canonical pathways. Further, we assessed whether inhibitors of these pathways similarly affect proliferation and fibrosis in LX-2 cells. Methods: LX-2 hepatic stellate cells were used as the experimental…

BIOCELL
Article

miR-216a-5p Improves Macrophage M1 Polarization and Pyroptosis in URSA via Modulating HMGB1 to Regulate TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 Axis

Background: Dysfunction of decidual macrophages (dMφ) mediated by high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is related to unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA), but its upstream regulatory mechanism remains unclear. The research explores whether miR-216a-5p regulates the toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-κB/nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3) signaling axis by targeting HMGB1, thereby affecting the M1 polarization and pyroptosis of dMφ in URSA. Methods: The URSA mouse model was established, and primary dMφ was isolated and cultured.…

BIOCELL
Review

Mitochondria as the Bridge between Injury and Protection: The Role of Melatonin in Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug-Induced Gastric Ulcers

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely prescribed, but their long-term use frequently results in gastric mucosal injury. Emerging evidence indicates that, beyond cyclooxygenase inhibition, mitochondrial dysfunction represents a central mechanism driving NSAID-induced gastric epithelial damage. This review aims to critically synthesize current evidence on mitochondria-centered pathways involved in NSAID-induced gastric ulceration and to evaluate the therapeutic relevance of melatonin in this context. We highlight how NSAIDs impair mitochondrial bioenergetics, promote excessive reactive oxygen species generation,

BIOCELL
Review

Emerging Role of ACOD1/Itaconate in Cancer: Bridging Metabolic Reprogramming and Signaling in the Tumor Microenvironment

Itaconate, produced by aconitate decarboxylase 1 (ACOD1, also known as IRG1), acts as a key immunometabolite that inhibits succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and can engage reduction-oxidation (redox)-sensitive signaling programs. This review summarizes the emerging, context-dependent roles of the ACOD1-itaconate axis in cancer, while critically distinguishing between the effects of endogenous itaconate and its cell-permeable derivatives. In tumor cells, endogenous ACOD1 expression or uptake via solute carrier family 13 member 3 (SLC13A3) alters oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis. In…

BIOCELL
Article

Knockdown of PKM2 Promotes Proliferation and Neuronal Differentiation of Neural Stem Cells by Inhibiting PINK1/Parkin-Mediated Excessive Mitophagy

Objective: Neural stem cells (NSCs) are essential for replenishing nerve cells, providing neuroprotection, and repairing damaged brain function, while mitophagy is critical for maintaining NSCs’ homeostasis. The study investigated whether pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) regulates NSCs’ proliferation and differentiation by modulating mitophagy. Method: This study established a model of excessive autophagy in neural stem cell mitochondria induced by cobalt chloride (CoCl₂) and used plasmid transfection technology to knock down PKM2 expression, examining its effects on NSCs proliferation…

BIOCELL
Review

Restoring Homeodynamics: Autophagy, Ageing and the Metabolic Correction of Disease

The global rise in chronic, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is inextricably linked to metabolic dysfunction, with hyperinsulinaemia acting as a potent upstream driver of ageing and age-related disease. Some of the most burdensome diseases of our time, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and neurodegenerative conditions, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), are largely underpinned by insulin resistance as part of a broader system of metabolic and mitochondrial dysfunction. These pathologies are particularly pronounced in the…

Journal of Cyber Security
Review

A Systematic Review of Machine Learning Techniques in Intrusion Detection Systems

Background: The evolution of modern networked systems in complexity, volume, and diversity has markedly increased the cyber-attack area. Conventional signature-based intrusion detection systems (IDS) will no longer be adequate for identifying advanced threats. A data-driven, adaptive approach that can identify malicious network activity is provided by machine learning (ML) techniques. This review aims to study, compare, and analyze ML-based approaches in IDS and improve the security defense mechanism. Methods: This systematic review followed the PRISMA…

Revue Internationale de Géomatique
Article

Urban Tree Health Assessment Using Forest Health Monitoring for Eco Forest City Planning in Medan, Indonesia

Urban trees are a critical component of green infrastructure in tropical cities, yet city-scale evidence on tree health in Indonesia remains limited. This study assessed urban tree health in Medan City using the Forest Health Monitoring (FHM) protocol, Tree Level Index (TLI), GIS-based spatial analysis, and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) validation to support Eco Forest City planning. A total of 1184 trees, representing a 30% sample from 3947 inventoried trees across six sub-districts, were…

Digital Engineering and Digital Twin
Article

Experimental Frame–System Under Test (EFSUT): A Principled Foundation for Model Choice and Lifecycle Management in Digital Twins

As Digital Twin (DT) applications expand into complex, dynamic environments, a formal methodology is lacking to ensure that the embedded digital models remain adequate for specific stakeholder goals over time. This article introduces the Experimental Frame–System Under Test (EFSUT) methodology, providing a principled foundation for linking high-level stakeholder questions to the specific models capable of answering them. EFSUT organizes the digital engineering process around three core constructs: stakeholder questions, experimental frames that formalize observational requirements,…

Chalcogenide Letters
article

Mixed Salt-Assisted Growth of Large-Size Ultrathin SnS₂ Nanosheets and Their Anisotropy Study

The morphological regularity, thickness uniformity, and size controllability of two-dimensional materials play a crucial role in regulating their physicochemical properties. However, achieving a synergistic balance among these three factors remains a key challenge in the field. In this study, through a systematic investigation of 36 salt-assisted growth systems, we discovered that CsCl promotes the lateral growth of SnS₂, while KI optimizes the crystal morphology. Using a CsCl/KI mixed salt system, we successfully grew triangular, ultrathin, large-area…

Chalcogenide Letters
article

Zn Vacancy-Regulated Zn_0.4Cd_0.6S for Enhanced Charge Separation and Boosted Photocatalytic H₂O₂ Generation

Photocatalytic H₂O₂ synthesis from O₂ is a green and environmentally friendly route. However, due to the limitations of quick recombination of photogenerated electrons and limited O₂ activation ability, photocatalytic reactions often exhibit low efficiency. In this study, Zn vacancy-engineered Zn_0.4Cd_0.6S (Zn_V-ZCS) photocatalysts were successfully constructed via a hydrothermal strategy using L-cysteine as a coordination agent. The optimized Zn_V-ZCS-10 catalyst achieves an impressive H₂O₂ production rate of 44.39 mmol/g within 1 h under 425 nm irradiation, approximately 2.3 times higher…

Chalcogenide Letters
article

Design and Optimization of a Novel Double-Heterojunction Lead-Free Cs₂BiAgI₆ Perovskite Solar Cell with PCBM/C₆₀ Bilayer ETL and CdTe HTL: Numerical Investigation

In this study, a lead-free double perovskite solar cell structure based on Cs₂BiAgI₆ was simulated and optimized to enhance photovoltaic performance. The device architecture follows the configuration: ITO/PCBM/C₆₀/Cs₂BiAgI₆/CdTe/Au. The thicknesses of the electron transport layer (ETL), absorber layer, and hole transport layer (HTL) are systematically optimized to evaluate their impact on key performance parameters. The results indicate that optimal performance is achieved with 600 nm thicknesses for all ETLs and HTL, and 2 μm for the Cs₂BiAgl₆…