Anton Tkachenko^*

BIOCELL, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.063301

Abstract Ferroptosis is an iron-driven, phospholipid hydroperoxide-mediated cell death, which has recently emerged as an attractive tool in cancer research due to its ability to govern the anti-tumor immune response. A growing research interest in ferroptosis biology has revealed the contribution of this regulated cell death to multiple diseases. In addition to iron, ferroptosis has been reported to be triggered by multiple heavy metals, which sheds light on the novel aspects of heavy metals-induced cytotoxicity. In this review, the ability of zinc, an essential biogenic element with a wide array of biological functions, to modulate ferroptosis… More >

Nicholas T. Bello¹, Bonnie L. Firestein², Maribel Vazquez^3,*

BIOCELL, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.061810

Abstract Neurodegeneration of retinal tissue leads to progressive vision loss in millions of working-age adults each year. Metabolic alterations caused by modern diets that are high in fats and sugars contribute to the development of diabetic retinopathy. Chronic, diet-induced metabolic changes are linked to high glucose and harmful, pro-inflammatory compounds in the blood, called advanced glycation end products (AGEs), that can alter the integrity of neurovascular barriers. AGEs-induced changes to the permeability of the inner blood-retinal barrier can lead to progressive vision loss with disparate impacts in patients with low estrogen, such as via natural aging More >

Xiaojian Chen^1,2,#, Zhujiang Dai^1,#, Qiang Wang³, Wei Chen¹, Yun Liu^1,*, Zhongchuan Wang^1,*

BIOCELL, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.059286

Abstract Background: Nudix Hydrolase 21 (NUDT21) is crucial for the regulation of alternative polyadenylation, with its reduced expression frequently resulting in a shortened mRNA 3^′ untranslated region (UTR), thereby enhancing the protein levels of downstream genes. Although NUDT21 is widely recognized for its tumor-suppressive function in various cancers, its involvement in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains poorly understood. Methods: The expression of NUDT21 in CRC and adjacent normal tissues was analyzed through qPCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Additionally, we investigated the correlation between NUDT21 expression and patient prognosis. With Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and Transwell assay, we… More >

Dmitriy Vladimirovich Karpenko^*

BIOCELL, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.062791

Abstract Cancer is a highly heterogeneous pathology that poses a significant threat to millions of lives worldwide. In recent decades, there has been a substantial advancement in our understanding of the mechanisms underlying oncogenesis. Contemporary models now take into account the intricate interplay between cancer cells, immune cells, and other non-pathological cells during oncogenesis. The identification of small subpopulations of cancer stem cells has emerged as a crucial area of research, as these cells have been associated with cancer progression and resistance to various therapeutic interventions. The ability to distinguish between cancer stem cells and non-pathological… More >

Gege Liu^#, Houfang Zhang^#, Yunhui Peng^*

BIOCELL, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.061470

Abstract Nucleosomes play a vital role in chromatin organization and gene regulation, acting as key hubs that interact with various chromatin-associated factors through diverse binding mechanisms. Recent research has highlighted the prevalence of mutations in linker histones across different types of cancer, emphasizing their critical involvement in cancer progression. These cancer-associated mutations in linker histones have been shown to disrupt nucleosome stacking and the formation of higher-order chromatin structures, which in turn significantly affect epigenetic regulatory processes. In this review, we provide a comprehensive analysis of how cancer-associated linker histone mutations alter their physicochemical properties, influencing More >

Xiaobing Li^1,2, Yongsheng Liu¹, Limin Wei¹, Li Rao¹, Jingxin Mao^1,, Xuemei Li^3,

BIOCELL, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.062124

Abstract Yeast-based models have become a powerful platform in pharmaceutical research, offering signicant potential for producing complex drugs, vaccines, and therapeutic agents. While many current drugs were discovered before fully understanding their molecular mechanisms, yeastsystems now provide valuable insightsfor drug discovery and personalized medicine. Recent advancements in genetic engineering, metabolic engineering, and synthetic biology have improved the efficiency and scalability of yeast-based production systems, enabling more sustainable and costeffective manufacturing processes. This paper reviews the latest developments in yeast-based technologies, focusing on their use as model organisms to study disease mechanisms, identify drug targets, and develop… More >

Alena A. Semenova^1,*, Anastasia D. Igoshkina¹, Alena A. Cherepanova¹, Natalia V. Mikina¹, Anastasia E. Stepanova¹, Olga E. Krasnoshchekova¹, Vyacheslav A. Sharapov¹, Rimma G. Savchenko², Lyudmila V. Parfenova², Mikhail V. Dubinin¹

BIOCELL, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.061798

Abstract Objectives: Skeletal muscle ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) occurs as a result of a marked reduction in arterial perfusion to a limb and can lead to tissue death and threaten limb viability. TTis work assessed the effects of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) on hindlimb skeletal tissue following tourniquet-induced ischemia/reperfusion injury. Methods: Animals were divided into 4 groups—control group (Control), Control + 20E (C + 20E), mice with IRI (IRI), and mice with IRI + 20E (IRI + 20E). IRIwas modeled by applying a tourniquet to the hind limb for 2 hwith reperfusion for 1 h. 5 mg/kg of 20E was… More >

Qing Wang, Luyao Cai, Shouyi Tang, Dan Pan, Zhen Wang, Qianming Chen, Yu Zhou^*, Yingqiang Shen^*

BIOCELL, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.060045

Abstract Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) are cancer cells with self-renewal and tumorigenesis abilities. CSCs in tumor tissues are the leading cause of tumor progression, recurrence, and drug resistance. CSCs have distinct metabolic features that contribute to maintaining their self-renewal and stemness. Phospholipids are essential components of cell membranes and play fundamental roles in cellular activities. CSCs have abnormal phospholipid metabolism, which affects their self-renewal, differentiation, invasion, and drug resistance. Compared with non-CSCs, the phospholipid metabolism of CSCs mainly focused on significantly increased fatty acid (FAs) and phospholipids synthesis, phospholipid unsaturation, and lipolysis-fatty acid oxidation (FAO). In More > Graphic Abstract

Ayda Baghery Saghchy Khorasani¹, Mahda Delshad², Mohammad-Javad Sanaei^2,3, Atieh Pourbagheri-Sigaroodi², Ali Pirsalehi⁴, Davood Bashash^2,*

BIOCELL, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.059970

Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver tumor and the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally. The phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is critically involved in HCC pathogenesis, stimulating uncontrolled cell proliferation, survival, and tumor progression. The overactivation of this pathway is strongly linked to poor prognosis, making it a crucial target for therapeutic intervention. The oncogenic roles of PI3K/AKT/mTOR components in HCC have been highlighted, noting that class I PI3K deregulation, phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) upregulation, and mTOR overexpression could be associated… More >

Darya Ivashkevich, Arina Ponomarenko^*, Igor Manzhulo, Inessa Dyuizen

BIOCELL, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.061606

Abstract The high prevalence of obesity and associated nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the population determines the increased interest in identifying molecular targets for regulating the processes underlying these pathologies. The search for new endogenous bioregulators of lipid metabolism and their inclusion in therapeutic regimens for the treatment of patients is becoming a potentially promising direction in science and medicine. Oleoylethanolamide (OEA) is an endogenous lipid mediator capable of exerting multiple hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective effects mediated by agonism with receptors of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) family (PPAR-α and PPAR-γ). This review focuses on More >