TY - EJOU
AU - Al-Balushi, Latifa M.
AU - Rahman, M. M.
TI - Impacts of Heat Flux Distribution, Sloping Magnetic Field and Magnetic Nanoparticles on the Natural Convective Flow Contained in a Square Cavity
T2 - Fluid Dynamics \& Materials Processing
PY - 2020
VL - 16
IS - 3
SN - 1555-2578
AB - In the present paper, the effect of the heat flux distribution on the natural convective flow inside a square cavity in the presence of a sloping magnetic
field and magnetic nanoparticles is explored numerically. The nondimensional
governing equations are solved in the framework of a finite element method
implemented using the Galerkin approach. The role played by numerous model
parameters in influencing the emerging thermal and concentration fields is examined; among them are: the location of the heat source and its lengthH*, the magnitude of the thermal Rayleigh number, the nanoparticles shape and volume
fraction, and the Hartmann number. It is found that the nanofluid velocity
becomes higher when the thermal source length, the nanoparticles volume fraction and/or the thermal Rayleigh number are increased, while it decreases as
the Hartmann number Ha grows and the position of the heat source moves toward
the center of the lower wall of the cavity. Moreover, the temperature of the nano-
fluid grows with the extension of the thermal source and decreases slowly when
the heat flux position moves toward the center of the lower wall. The outcomes of
the research also indicate that the average Nusselt number becomes smaller on
increasing Hartmann number Ha and heat source length H*. The addition of
Fe3O4 to engine oil leads to a higher rate of heat transfer with respect to the addition of SiO2 particles. Blade-shaped nanoparticles generate the highest value of
the Nusselt number compared to all the other considered shapes.
KW - Nanofluids; magnetic nanoparticles; heat source; natural convection; finite element method; square enclosure
DO - 10.32604/fdmp.2020.08551